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Characteristics of anaphylaxis in children referred to a tertiary care center

Emine Vezir1, Mustafa Erkoçoğlu, Ayşenur Kaya

  • 1Department of Pediatric Allergy and Clinic Immunology, Ankara Children's Hematology Oncology Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Allergy and Asthma Proceedings
|May 17, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Anaphylaxis in children is often caused by venom and food allergies. While adrenaline is the primary treatment, it was underutilized in this study, highlighting a critical gap in care for severe allergic reactions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction.
  • Limited data exists on anaphylaxis causes and characteristics in developing nations.
  • Understanding local patterns is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical features and etiological factors of anaphylaxis in pediatric patients.
  • To analyze treatment patterns and outcomes in a developing country context.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective analysis of 96 pediatric patients with anaphylaxis admitted to an allergy clinic (2010-2012).
  • Data collected on patient demographics, causative agents, clinical manifestations, and treatments received.
  • Classification of anaphylaxis severity.

Main Results:

  • Common causes included venom (32.3%), food (31.3%), and drugs (27.1%).
  • Peanuts, nuts, cow's milk, and egg were frequent food triggers.
  • Cutaneous and respiratory symptoms were most prevalent; severe anaphylaxis occurred in 33.3% of cases.
  • Adrenaline, the first-line treatment, was administered in only 44.4% of patients.

Conclusions:

  • Food and venom allergies are primary drivers of pediatric anaphylaxis in this region.
  • Underuse of adrenaline is a significant concern, indicating a need for improved anaphylaxis management protocols.
  • Further research is needed to address treatment gaps and improve patient outcomes.

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