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Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

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IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular tachycardia.

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

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Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

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Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...

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Updated: May 11, 2026

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

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Published on: October 16, 2021

Do semi-rigid prosthetic rings affect left ventricular function after mitral valve repair?

Susumu Manabe¹, Hitoshi Kasegawa, Toshihiro Fukui

¹Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. s-manabe@fb3.so-net.ne.jp

Circulation Journal : Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society

|May 17, 2013

Summary

Semi-rigid annuloplasty rings show similar postoperative cardiac function outcomes compared to flexible rings or bands. This study found no significant differences in key cardiac metrics after mitral valve repair surgery.

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Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Surgery
Biomaterials in Medicine
Cardiac Mechanics

Background:

Mitral annuloplasty historically used rigid rings, leading to reports of cardiac impairment.
Semi-rigid prosthetic rings were developed to mitigate risks associated with rigid designs.
The impact of semi-rigid rings on postoperative cardiac function requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the effects of semi-rigid annuloplasty rings versus flexible rings or bands on postoperative cardiac function.
To evaluate differences in left ventricular remodeling and systolic function after mitral valve repair.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of transthoracic echocardiographic data from 305 patients undergoing mitral valve repair for degenerative mitral regurgitation.
Propensity score matching was used to adjust for preoperative differences between patients receiving semi-rigid (n=227) and flexible (n=78) devices.
Comparison of left ventricular ejection fraction, end-diastolic dimension, and end-systolic dimension at 1 week, 6 months, and 1 year post-surgery.

Main Results:

Propensity score matching created 68 matched pairs with minimal preoperative covariate differences.
No significant differences were observed in left ventricular ejection fraction between the semi-rigid and flexible groups (P=0.322).
Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (P=0.576) and end-systolic dimension (P=0.567) also showed no significant differences between the groups.

Conclusions:

Semi-rigid annuloplasty rings demonstrate comparable postoperative cardiac function to flexible rings or bands.
The choice between semi-rigid and flexible annuloplasty devices appears to have minimal impact on key cardiac function parameters.
Further research may explore long-term outcomes and specific patient subgroups.