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Related Concept Videos

Vagina01:26

Vagina

The vaginal canal is a tubular structure averaging about 10 cm in length that acts as the entryway to the female reproductive system and the passageway for menstrual flow and childbirth. The interior walls of the vagina exhibit concentric folds called rugae and are topped by an area known as the fornix, which connects with the protruding cervical portion of the uterus. This canal is comprised of an external fibrous layer, a muscular middle layer, and an inner lining with mucosal rugae, which...
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems01:21

Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems

Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
Birth Control Methods01:22

Birth Control Methods

Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although vasectomy...
Gonadal and Placental Hormones01:24

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair growth — and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?
08:49

External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?

Published on: June 6, 2020

Does vaginal delivery affect postnatal coitus?

L Cai1, B Zhang1, H Lin1

  • 1Department of Infertility and Sexual Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

International Journal of Impotence Research
|May 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vaginal birth may lead to a looser vagina compared to cesarean delivery. However, this does not negatively impact postnatal sexual function or satisfaction, according to the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI).

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?
08:49

External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?

Published on: June 6, 2020

Modeling Healthy and Dysbiotic Vaginal Microenvironments in a Human Vagina-on-a-Chip
08:15

Modeling Healthy and Dysbiotic Vaginal Microenvironments in a Human Vagina-on-a-Chip

Published on: February 16, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Sexual Health Research

Background:

  • Many women opt for cesarean sections due to concerns about vaginal laxity and its impact on postnatal sexual function after vaginal birth.
  • Quantifying the physical changes and their correlation with sexual well-being is crucial for informed decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure and compare intra-vaginal pressures between women who underwent vaginal birth versus cesarean section.
  • To evaluate the relationship between delivery type and female sexual function using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI).

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 165 women (88 vaginal delivery, 77 cesarean delivery).
  • Utilized a novel device to measure intra-vaginal pressures.
  • Assessed sexual function and satisfaction via the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI).

Main Results:

  • Significantly lower intra-vaginal pressures were observed in the vaginal delivery group compared to the cesarean delivery group.
  • A significant difference was noted in coitus duration between the groups.
  • No significant differences were found in overall sexual satisfaction or sexual function as measured by the FSFI.

Conclusions:

  • Vaginal delivery is associated with reduced intra-vaginal pressure, suggesting potential vaginal laxity compared to cesarean delivery.
  • Despite physical changes, vaginal birth does not appear to negatively affect postnatal sexual function or satisfaction.
  • Women can be reassured that their sexual function is unlikely to be adversely impacted by the mode of delivery.