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Related Concept Videos

Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early years,...
Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation. For...
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within the...
Psychosurgery01:30

Psychosurgery

Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic symptoms in all...
Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Electroconvulsive Seizures in Rats and Fractionation of Their Hippocampi to Examine Seizure-induced Changes in Postsynaptic Density Proteins
09:07

Electroconvulsive Seizures in Rats and Fractionation of Their Hippocampi to Examine Seizure-induced Changes in Postsynaptic Density Proteins

Published on: August 15, 2017

[Electroconvulsive therapy in schizophrenia].

Minoru Takebayashi1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|May 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a controversial treatment for schizophrenia, but effective for catatonia. Maintenance therapy, including non-invasive brain stimulation, is crucial to prevent relapse after ECT response.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Therapeutics

Context:

  • Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was initially developed for schizophrenia but its use is now controversial.
  • Catatonia remains an accepted indication for ECT across international guidelines.
  • Schizophrenia treatment is evolving, with a need for effective strategies for pharmacotherapy-resistant cases and relapse prevention.

Purpose:

  • To review the current status and potential applications of ECT in schizophrenia treatment.
  • To discuss the efficacy of ECT for specific symptom clusters in schizophrenia.
  • To explore the role of ECT in combination with pharmacotherapy, particularly clozapine, for treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
  • To examine the high relapse rates post-ECT and the need for effective maintenance strategies.

More Related Videos

Pupillary Response as Assessment of Effective Seizure Induction by Electroconvulsive Therapy
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Pupillary Response as Assessment of Effective Seizure Induction by Electroconvulsive Therapy

Published on: April 11, 2019

Concurrent Electroencephalography Recording During Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS)
06:51

Concurrent Electroencephalography Recording During Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS)

Published on: January 22, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Electroconvulsive Seizures in Rats and Fractionation of Their Hippocampi to Examine Seizure-induced Changes in Postsynaptic Density Proteins
09:07

Electroconvulsive Seizures in Rats and Fractionation of Their Hippocampi to Examine Seizure-induced Changes in Postsynaptic Density Proteins

Published on: August 15, 2017

Pupillary Response as Assessment of Effective Seizure Induction by Electroconvulsive Therapy
04:51

Pupillary Response as Assessment of Effective Seizure Induction by Electroconvulsive Therapy

Published on: April 11, 2019

Concurrent Electroencephalography Recording During Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS)
06:51

Concurrent Electroencephalography Recording During Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS)

Published on: January 22, 2016

Summary:

  • ECT can be effective for schizophrenic patients with recent-onset affective, catatonic, and positive symptoms.
  • Combining ECT with pharmacotherapy, including clozapine, may benefit pharmacotherapy-resistant schizophrenia.
  • High relapse rates after ECT necessitate the development of maintenance therapies.
  • Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques like TMS and tDCS are potential alternatives for maintenance therapy.

Impact:

  • Highlights the nuanced role of ECT in modern schizophrenia treatment, particularly for catatonia and specific symptom profiles.
  • Suggests novel therapeutic combinations and maintenance strategies to improve long-term outcomes in schizophrenia.
  • Emphasizes the importance of continued research into non-invasive brain stimulation for maintenance therapy, offering a less burdensome alternative to maintenance ECT.