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Valence Bond Theory

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...

Coordination Number and Geometry

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.

Structural Isomerism

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...

Metal-Ligand Bonds

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II

sp3d and sp3d 2 Hybridization

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Synthesis of Core-shell Lanthanide-doped Upconversion Nanocrystals for Cellular Applications

Synthesis of Core-shell Lanthanide-doped Upconversion Nanocrystals for Cellular Applications

Published on: November 10, 2017

Hybrid uranyl arsonate coordination nanocages.

Pius O Adelani¹, Ginger E Sigmon, Peter C Burns

¹Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.

Inorganic Chemistry

|May 18, 2013

Summary

Researchers created tiny uranyl coordination cages using a simple self-assembly method with in situ ligand synthesis. This approach enhances flexibility, crucial for producing these nanoscopic uranyl compounds.

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Area of Science:

Inorganic Chemistry
Supramolecular Chemistry
Materials Science

Background:

Uranyl coordination cages are of interest for various applications.
Developing facile synthesis routes for nanoscopic coordination compounds remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To report a facile method for preparing nanoscopic uranyl coordination cages.
To investigate the role of in situ ligand synthesis in cage formation.

Main Methods:

Self-assembly of uranyl precursors.
In situ synthesis of hydrogen arsenate and pyroarsonate ligands.
Temperature and solvent control of the reaction.

Main Results:

Successful preparation of nanoscopic uranyl coordination cages.
Demonstration of temperature and solvent-driven self-assembly.
In situ ligand synthesis leads to enhanced flexibility of the cages.

Conclusions:

A facile and effective route for synthesizing uranyl coordination cages has been developed.
In situ ligand synthesis is a key factor in achieving desired cage flexibility.
The methodology offers potential for creating novel uranyl-based supramolecular structures.