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In the region where two bulk phases meet, an intricate electric charge distribution arises due to charge transfer, ion adsorption, molecular orientation, and charge distortion. This complex distribution is commonly referred to as the electrical double layer.When a solid electrode interfaces with ions in an electrolyte solution, the speed of electron transfer dictates the rates of oxidation and reduction. The electrode acquires a charge through the escape of atoms into the solution as cations or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

Published on: September 7, 2018

Nonlinear electrokinetic flow about a polarized conducting drop.

Ory Schnitzer¹, Ehud Yariv

¹Department of Mathematics, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City 32000, Israel.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|May 18, 2013

Summary

Electrokinetic flow around highly conducting drops shows amplified velocity due to unbalanced shear stress. This intense flow causes drop deformation and surface conduction effects, analyzed via macroscale modeling.

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Generation and Control of Electrohydrodynamic Flows in Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions

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Published on: September 7, 2018

The Preparation of Electrohydrodynamic Bridges from Polar Dielectric Liquids

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Published on: September 30, 2014

AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures

AC Electrokinetic Phenomena Generated by Microelectrode Structures

Published on: July 28, 2008

Area of Science:

Colloid and Surface Science
Fluid Dynamics
Electrochemistry

Background:

Electrokinetic phenomena govern fluid behavior near charged interfaces.
Thin double-layer approximations simplify analysis of electrokinetic flows.
Highly conducting liquid drops present unique challenges in electrokinetic studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate electrokinetic flow and deformation of uncharged, highly conducting liquid drops.
To elucidate the nonlinear mechanisms driving velocity amplification and shape changes.
To analyze the interplay between hydrodynamic forces and electrocapillary effects.

Main Methods:

Utilized a macroscale model representing the electrical double layer with effective boundary conditions.
Employed a weak-field approximation for initial analysis.
Conducted numerical simulations of the nonlinear macroscale model for comprehensive results.

Main Results:

Observed an O(κa) velocity amplification in electrokinetic flow due to unbalanced viscous shear.
Identified surface-conduction effects within the diffuse-charge layer driven by ionic convection.
Demonstrated prolate deformation of the drop, resulting from comparable hydrodynamic and electrocapillary forces.

Conclusions:

The study reveals significant velocity amplification and deformation in highly conducting drops under electrokinetic flow.
Macroscale modeling effectively captures complex phenomena like surface conduction and electrocapillary-induced deformation.
Findings provide insights into nonlinear electrokinetic behavior at free surfaces.