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Hyperglycemia as a risk factor for the development of retinopathy of prematurity

Shakir Mohamed, Jeffrey C Murray, John M Dagle

    BMC Pediatrics
    |May 18, 2013
    PubMed

    Insights

    Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, is linked to retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature infants. Managing blood glucose levels may help prevent this serious eye condition in vulnerable newborns.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatalogy
    • Ophthalmology
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant cause of visual impairment in premature infants.
    • Hyperglycemia has emerged as a potential risk factor for ROP development.
    • This study investigates the association between hyperglycemia and ROP in very premature infants.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the relationship between hyperglycemia and the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
    • To identify hyperglycemia as a modifiable risk factor for ROP in infants born before 32 weeks gestation.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective cohort study of infants < 32 weeks gestation (2003-2007).
    • Collected demographic and clinical data, including days of hyperglycemia (blood glucose > 150 mg/dl).
    • Used univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses to assess ROP risk factors.

    Main Results:

    • Infants with ROP had lower birthweight, gestational age, and higher rates of sepsis and intraventricular hemorrhage.
    • Infants with ROP experienced significantly more days of hyperglycemia (7 vs. 2, p < 0.0001).
    • Hyperglycemia (OR 1.073), lower gestational age, and mechanical ventilation were independently associated with ROP.

    Conclusions:

    • Hyperglycemia is significantly associated with the development of retinopathy of prematurity in premature infants.
    • Controlling blood glucose levels may be a crucial strategy in preventing ROP.
    Abstract

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