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Related Concept Videos

Classical Conditioning in Daily Life01:17

Classical Conditioning in Daily Life

Classical conditioning, a fundamental principle of associative learning, explains various phenomena observed in daily life, such as fear development, the placebo effect, taste aversion, and drug habituation. These applications demonstrate the profound impact of associative learning on human behavior and physiological responses.
John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner famously demonstrated the development of fear through classical conditioning in their experiment with Little Albert. They paired the...
Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
The Placebo Effect01:54

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The placebo effect occurs when people's expectations or beliefs influence or determine their experience in a given situation. In other words, simply expecting something to happen can actually make it happen.
Drug Dependence01:17

Drug Dependence

Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
Real-World Application of Classical Conditioning01:15

Real-World Application of Classical Conditioning

Classical conditioning not only includes the initial pairing of stimuli but also extends to more complex forms, such as higher-order conditioning. Higher-order conditioning involves creating associations beyond the primary conditioned stimulus, resulting in a chain of conditioned responses.
Higher-order, or second-order, conditioning occurs when a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an already established conditioned stimulus through repeated pairings. For instance, if a dog has been...
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not necessarily...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Reinstatement of Drug-seeking in Mice Using the Conditioned Place Preference Paradigm
08:29

Reinstatement of Drug-seeking in Mice Using the Conditioned Place Preference Paradigm

Published on: June 7, 2018

Using conditioned place preference to identify relapse prevention medications.

T Celeste Napier1, Amy A Herrold, Harriet de Wit

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Center for Compulsive Behaviors and Addiction, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States.

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
|May 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Conditioned place preference (CPP) can assess drug-associated memories and aid in developing medications to reduce drug relapse. This method shows translational potential from rodents to humans for evaluating addiction treatments.

Keywords:
Addiction therapyAmphetamineBaclofenConditioned place preferenceHumansMethamphetamineMirtazapineNaltrexoneRodentsVarenicline

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychopharmacology
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Environmental cues associated with drug use can trigger relapse.
  • Conditioned incentive motivational properties drive drug-seeking behavior.
  • Conditioned place preference (CPP) models these drug-environment associations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the utility of CPP for evaluating medications targeting conditioned drug-seeking.
  • To discuss the translational validity of CPP from rodents to humans.
  • To explore challenges and methodological considerations for human CPP studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on CPP in rodents and humans.
  • Analysis of findings with FDA-approved treatments.
  • Discussion of methodological aspects of human CPP implementation.

Main Results:

  • CPP effectively assesses drug-environment associations.
  • Evidence supports CPP's use in developing relapse-reduction medications.
  • Translational potential of CPP from preclinical to clinical settings is demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • CPP is a valuable tool for evaluating medications against conditioned drug-seeking.
  • An efficient human CPP procedure could streamline clinical trials for addiction treatments.
  • Further methodological refinement is needed for optimal human application.