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Related Concept Videos

Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
Spectral interference occurs when signals from other elements or molecules overlap with the analyte signal, falsely elevating or masking the analyte's absorbance. This interference can be corrected using Zeeman,...
Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency01:11

Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency

The earth's gravitational field produces a 'twisting force' perpendicular to the angular momentum of a spinning mass (such as a spinning top) that causes the mass to 'wobble' around the gravitational field axis in a phenomenon called precession. Similarly, the magnetic moment (μ) of a spinning nucleus precesses due to an external magnetic field directed along the z-axis. The precession of the magnetic moment vector about the magnetic field is called Larmor precession, and the angular frequency...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra. Schrödinger...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source
12:19

Measurement of Quantum Interference in a Silicon Ring Resonator Photon Source

Published on: April 4, 2017

A ballistic quantum ring Josephson interferometer.

A Fornieri1, M Amado, F Carillo

  • 1NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.

Nanotechnology
|May 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We created a ballistic Josephson interferometer using a quantum ring in an InAs heterostructure. Its unique h/e flux periodicity confirms ballistic transport, differing from conventional devices.

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Conventional superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) exhibit h/2e flux periodicity.
  • Understanding electron transport in nanoscale superconducting devices is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To realize and characterize a ballistic Josephson interferometer.
  • To investigate the flux periodicity of Josephson current in a quantum ring device.
  • To confirm the ballistic nature of electron transport in the interferometer.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a quantum ring in an Indium Arsenide (InAs)-based heterostructure.
  • Lateral contacting of the quantum ring with superconducting niobium leads.
  • Measurement of Josephson current oscillations under perpendicular magnetic field.

Main Results:

  • Observed Josephson current oscillations with h/e flux periodicity.
  • Demonstrated a flux periodicity distinct from the conventional h/2e observed in SQUIDs.
  • Experimental results align with theoretical predictions for ballistic transport.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully realized a ballistic Josephson interferometer.
  • The observed h/e periodicity confirms the ballistic nature of the device.
  • This system offers potential for developing interferometric Josephson π-junctions and studying Majorana fermions.