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Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
Alterations in Muscle Tone lll01:11

Alterations in Muscle Tone lll

Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

A Battery of Motor Tests in a Neonatal Mouse Model of Cerebral Palsy
10:02

A Battery of Motor Tests in a Neonatal Mouse Model of Cerebral Palsy

Published on: November 3, 2016

Consensus on hypotonia via Delphi process.

Pragashnie Naidoo1, Robin W E Joubert

  • 1Discipline of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa. naidoopg@ukzn.ac.za

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|May 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study established consensus on assessing pediatric hypotonia, identifying key clinical traits and first-line tests for children aged 2-5. The Delphi method proved effective for reaching agreement on these critical aspects.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Clinical Assessment Methodologies

Background:

  • Hypotonia assessment in children lacks standardized consensus.
  • Establishing reliable diagnostic criteria is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To achieve expert consensus on clinical characteristics for pediatric hypotonia assessment.
  • To identify first-line tests and methods for evaluating hypotonia in children.

Main Methods:

  • A two-round electronic Delphi process involving recruited experts.
  • Literature appraisal and clinician surveys informed the consensus methodology.
  • Pre-determined consensus threshold of 70±5% with Cronbach's α for internal consistency.

Main Results:

  • Consensus reached on 24 relevant clinical characteristics (11 clusters) for pediatric hypotonia (ages 2-5).
  • First-line assessment tests were identified for each characteristic.
  • Agreement was also achieved on the importance of collateral information sources.

Conclusions:

  • The Delphi technique, guided by existing literature, effectively facilitates consensus on pediatric hypotonia assessment.
  • This study provides foundational data for developing standardized hypotonia evaluation protocols in children.