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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Fluorescence Assays for the Study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Interaction with the Immune Receptor SLAMF1
07:42

Fluorescence Assays for the Study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Interaction with the Immune Receptor SLAMF1

Published on: February 28, 2025

Gamma interferon receptor defect presenting as recurrent tuberculosis.

Balasubramanian Sundaram1, Sumanth Amperayani, K Dhanalakshmi

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital, Chennai, 600034, India, sbsped53@sify.com.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|May 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recurrent mycobacterial infections in children may signal a partial defect in the gamma-interferon receptor. Early identification and a comprehensive treatment plan are crucial for successful outcomes in these rare cases.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Fluorescence Assays for the Study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Interaction with the Immune Receptor SLAMF1
07:42

Fluorescence Assays for the Study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Interaction with the Immune Receptor SLAMF1

Published on: February 28, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Childhood tuberculosis treatment failure can stem from drug resistance, paradoxical reactions, or immunodeficiency.
  • Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) is critical for host defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb).

Observation:

  • An 8-year-old boy with a history of BCG adenitis and TB osteomyelitis presented with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and a parotid abscess.
  • Investigations revealed disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare infection.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with a partial defect of the gamma-interferon receptor due to recurrent mycobacterial disease.
  • A 2-year, 7-drug regimen led to the patient's recovery.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering gamma-interferon receptor defects in children with recurrent tuberculosis (TB).
  • Prompt diagnosis and tailored, multi-drug therapy are essential for managing rare immunodeficiencies causing disseminated mycobacterial infections.