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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.

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Assessment of the Metabolic Effects of Isocaloric 2:1 Intermittent Fasting in Mice
08:06

Assessment of the Metabolic Effects of Isocaloric 2:1 Intermittent Fasting in Mice

Published on: November 27, 2019

Chronobiological Effects on Obesity.

Molly S Bray1, Martin E Young

  • 1Departments of Epidemiology and Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.

Current Obesity Reports
|May 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental disruptions to natural light-dark cycles and sleep-wake patterns are increasingly linked to obesity. Chronobiology research highlights how circadian clock alterations contribute to metabolic dysfunction and obesity risk.

Keywords:
Chronobiological effectsCircadianGeneMolecular clockObesityRhythmShift workSleepTranscription

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

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Published on: November 27, 2019

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Metabolic Health
  • Obesity Etiology

Background:

  • Obesity arises from complex genetic and environmental interactions.
  • Increased obesity prevalence correlates with environmental changes impacting genetic susceptibility.
  • Modern "24-hour" lifestyles disrupt natural light/dark cycles and sleep/eating patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of circadian rhythm disruption in obesity development.
  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms linking environmental factors to metabolic dysfunction.
  • To highlight the significance of chronobiology in understanding obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing research literature on sleep, shift work, and obesity.
  • Analysis of studies connecting circadian clock function to metabolic processes.
  • Examination of molecular consequences of environmental dyssynchrony.

Main Results:

  • Established links between sleep deprivation, shift work, and increased obesity risk.
  • Emerging understanding of molecular consequences of circadian dyssynchrony.
  • Evidence suggests alterations in cellular circadian clocks are linked to metabolic dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental factors, particularly circadian disruption, play a critical role in obesity.
  • Chronobiology offers crucial insights into the etiology of obesity.
  • Further research into molecular mechanisms is needed to address the obesity epidemic.