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Pomegranate and type 2 diabetes
Saleem Banihani1, Samer Swedan, Ziyad Alguraan
1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan. sabanihani@just.edu.jo
Nutrition Research (New York, N.Y.)
|May 21, 2013
Summary
Pomegranate (Punica granatum Linn) shows promise for type 2 diabetes management by reducing oxidative stress and lowering blood glucose. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm its anti-diabetic effects.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Nutraceuticals
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Pomegranate (Punica granatum Linn) has been increasingly associated with type 2 diabetes prevention and management.
- Research indicates that various pomegranate fractions (peels, flowers, seeds) and their active components may influence diabetic pathology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current laboratory and clinical research on pomegranate's effects on biochemical and metabolic variables in type 2 diabetes.
- To identify key mechanisms and active compounds responsible for pomegranate's anti-diabetic actions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of cell culture, animal studies, and human clinical research.
- Analysis of pomegranate's impact on oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and glucose metabolism.
Main Results:
- Pomegranate fractions reduce oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation by neutralizing reactive oxygen species and modulating antioxidant enzymes.
- Key compounds like punicic acid, punicalagin, and ellagic acid, along with peel and seed extracts, significantly decreased fasting blood glucose levels.
- Antioxidant polyphenols (tannins, anthocyanins) in pomegranate juice may aid in managing type 2 diabetes conditions.
Conclusions:
- Pomegranate exhibits significant anti-diabetic activity, supported by laboratory and preliminary clinical findings.
- Mechanisms include reducing oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and lowering blood glucose levels.
- Controlled clinical trials are essential before pomegranate or its extracts can be recommended for type 2 diabetes management.
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