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Related Concept Videos

Energy Associated With a Charge Distribution01:21

Energy Associated With a Charge Distribution

The work done to bring a charge through a distance r is given by the potential difference between the initial and the final position. To assemble a collection of point charges, the total work done can be expressed in terms of the product of each pair of charges divided by their separation distance, defined with respect to a suitable origin. Solving this expression gives the energy stored in a point charge distribution.
Energy Diagrams - II01:10

Energy Diagrams - II

Energy diagrams are important to understand the dynamics of a system. The topology of an energy diagram helps illustrate the equilibrium points of the system.
The point in the energy diagram at which the system’s potential energy is the lowest is known as the local minima. The system tends to stay in this position indefinitely unless acted upon by a net force. The slope of the potential energy diagram at the local minima is zero, indicating that zero net force is acting on the system. The slope...
Energy Diagrams - I01:14

Energy Diagrams - I

The dynamics of a mechanical system can be easily understood by interpreting a potential energy diagram. Since energy is a scalar quantity, the interpretation of the dynamics of the system becomes even simpler.
Take the example of a skater on a parabolic ramp. The potential energy at different points along the ramp will be proportional to the height of the ramp, which varies quadratically with the horizontal position on the ramp. As the skater moves down the ramp from the highest position,...
Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients01:14

Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients

The distribution law or Nernst's distribution law is the law that governs the distribution of a solute between two immiscible solvents. This law, also known as the partition law, states that if a solute is added to the mixture of two immiscible solvents at a constant temperature, the solute is distributed between the two solvents in such a way that the ratio of solute concentrations in the solvents remains constant at equilibrium.
For extracting a solute from an aqueous phase into an organic...
Energy Diagrams, Transition States, and Intermediates02:13

Energy Diagrams, Transition States, and Intermediates

Free-energy diagrams, or reaction coordinate diagrams, are graphs showing the energy changes that occur during a chemical reaction. The reaction coordinate represented on the horizontal axis shows how far the reaction has progressed structurally. Positions along the x-axis close to the reactants have structures resembling the reactants, while positions close to the products resemble the products.  Peaks on the energy diagram represent stable structures with measurable lifetimes, while other...
Energy Line and Hydraulic Gradient Line01:27

Energy Line and Hydraulic Gradient Line

Based on Bernoulli's equation, the energy line (EL) and hydraulic grade line (HGL) provide graphical representations of energy distribution in a fluid flow system. For steady, incompressible, inviscid flows, Bernoulli's equation is expressed as:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

A Label-Free Segmentation Approach for Intravital Imaging of Mammary Tumor Microenvironment
10:39

A Label-Free Segmentation Approach for Intravital Imaging of Mammary Tumor Microenvironment

Published on: May 24, 2022

A new energy framework with distribution descriptors for image segmentation.

Changyang Li1, Xiuying Wang, Stefan Eberl

  • 1Biomedical and Multimedia Information Technology research group, School of Information Technologies, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia. chli7560@it.usyd.edu.au

IEEE Transactions on Image Processing : a Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society
|May 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel level set segmentation method using advanced distribution descriptors to accurately segment complex images, outperforming existing models in accuracy and noise immunity for various applications.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

A Label-Free Segmentation Approach for Intravital Imaging of Mammary Tumor Microenvironment
10:39

A Label-Free Segmentation Approach for Intravital Imaging of Mammary Tumor Microenvironment

Published on: May 24, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Computer Vision
  • Image Processing
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Image segmentation is challenging with complex regions, mixed intensities, and noise.
  • Conventional level set models often require prior knowledge of segment numbers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel segmentation energy function for robust image segmentation.
  • To address limitations of existing level set models in handling complex image characteristics and noise.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a new energy function with two distribution descriptors: one for heterogeneous backgrounds and one for targets with local spatial constraints.
  • Utilized level set evolution for image segmentation.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method demonstrated superior accuracy and noise immunity compared to Chan-Vese, multiphase, and geodesic level set models.
  • Outperformed existing methods on 260 synthetic and medical images with complex backgrounds and noise.
  • Showed reduced sensitivity to contour initialization and noise variations on 300 additional synthetic images.

Conclusions:

  • The novel energy function with enhanced distribution descriptors provides a more robust and accurate image segmentation approach.
  • The method effectively handles complex image features and is tolerant to noise, offering advantages over traditional level set techniques.