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Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis, the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis. This...

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Magnetic Moment

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All atomic nuclei are positively charged. When they have a nonzero spin, they behave like rotating charges. As a consequence of their charge and spin, these nuclei generate a magnetic field (B). This, in turn, gives rise to a magnetic moment (μ), which is randomly oriented in the absence of an external magnetic field. When an external magnetic field (B0) is applied, the magnetic moment vectors can align with the field or against it in 2 + 1 orientations. A hydrogen nucleus, which is just a...

Applications Of NMR In Biology

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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Magnetic-, Acoustic-, and Optical-Triple-Responsive Microbubbles for Magnetic Hyperthermia and Pothotothermal Combination Cancer Therapy

Magnetic-, Acoustic-, and Optical-Triple-Responsive Microbubbles for Magnetic Hyperthermia and Pothotothermal Combination Cancer Therapy

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Optical spins and nano-antenna array for magnetic therapy.

N Thammawongsa, S Mitatha, P P Yupapin

IEEE Transactions on Nanobioscience

|May 21, 2013

Summary

This study proposes a novel nano-antenna system for magnetic therapy. The system uses optical spins to generate tunable magnetic fields, potentially enhancing healing for various health conditions.

Area of Science:

Photonics and Nanotechnology
Biophysics
Alternative Medicine

Background:

Magnetic therapy utilizes magnetic fields for healing.
Current methods lack precise control over field generation.
Optical spins offer a potential mechanism for controlled magnetic field application.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose an embedded nano-antenna system for magnetic therapy.
To utilize optical spins generated from microring configurations (PANDA) for this purpose.
To enable tunable magnetic field generation for therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

Development of a PANDA microring system to generate orthogonal optical soliton pairs.
Detection of left-hand and right-hand optical solitons (photons) at output ports.

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Magnetic-, Acoustic-, and Optical-Triple-Responsive Microbubbles for Magnetic Hyperthermia and Pothotothermal Combination Cancer Therapy

Magnetic-, Acoustic-, and Optical-Triple-Responsive Microbubbles for Magnetic Hyperthermia and Pothotothermal Combination Cancer Therapy

Published on: May 22, 2020

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Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Published on: July 20, 2022

Exploration of spin states (+ħ, -ħ) for magnetic moment generation.

Main Results:

Demonstrated simultaneous detection of orthogonal soliton pairs.
Showcased the generation of two distinct spin states (+ħ, -ħ).
Identified key parameters (input power, coupling, ring size) for tuning output signals.

Conclusions:

The proposed nano-antenna system can generate tunable magnetic moments via optical spins.
This system holds potential for optimized magnetic therapy arrays.
Further research can refine the system for clinical applications.