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Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

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Published on: April 26, 2024

Evening types are prone to depression.

Ilona Merikanto¹, Tuuli Lahti, Erkki Kronholm

¹Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. ilona.merikanto@helsinki.fi

Chronobiology International

|May 22, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Evening chronotypes, or "night owls," have a significantly higher risk of depression compared to morning types. This study highlights the link between daily timing preferences and mood disorder predisposition.

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Area of Science:

Chronobiology
Psychiatry
Public Health

Background:

Individual differences in daily activity timing, known as chronotype, are linked to sleep and mood disorders.
Understanding the relationship between chronotype and depression is crucial for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between chronotype and depression in a large, general population sample.
To explore correlations between chronotype and various health indicators.

Main Methods:

A random sample of 6071 Finnish adults (aged 25–74) from the National FINRISK Study (2007) participated.
Chronotype was assessed using the Horne-Östberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (6 items).
Depression was evaluated via self-report, including major depressive episodes, diagnosed/treated depression, and antidepressant use.

Main Results:

Evening types showed 2.7- to 4.1-fold higher odds of depression indicators compared to morning types.
Intermediate types exhibited 1.5- to 1.9-fold increased odds of depression indicators.
Correlations with health indicators like blood pressure and waist circumference were also analyzed.

Conclusions:

A preference for evening activities (evening chronotype) is associated with a higher propensity for depression.
Chronotype is a relevant factor to consider in the context of mood disorder risk assessment.