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Complicated sinusitis in a developing country, a retrospective review.
Kurt Denton Schlemmer1, Shamlan Krishna Naidoo
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kwazulu Natal, Umbilo Road Durban, Private Bag X3, Congella 4013, South Africa. kurt.schlemmer@gmail.com
Summary
Complicated sinusitis remains a significant threat in developing nations, particularly affecting young males. Early detection and aggressive management are crucial to reduce severe outcomes and fatalities.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Complicated sinusitis poses a serious health risk, especially in developing regions.
- High morbidity and mortality rates necessitate understanding predisposing factors and effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence, presentation, treatment, and outcomes of complicated sinusitis.
- To identify risk factors for complicated sinusitis in a developing country setting.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of 220 patients treated for complicated sinusitis.
- Hospitals in Durban, South Africa, from January 2006 to September 2009.
Main Results:
- Incidence rate of 5.83 per million.
- Orbital complications in 138 patients; intracranial complications in 82.
- Risk factors for intracranial spread include persistent headache and rural referral (OR 3.24); mortality rate of 20.7% for intracranial cases.
Conclusions:
- Complicated sinusitis is prevalent in the developing world, with young males at highest risk.
- Maintaining a high index of suspicion for orbital and intracranial extension is vital.
- Swift, aggressive referral and management are essential to prevent severe morbidity and mortality.
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