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Schmallenberg virus
K Wernike1, B Hoffmann, M Beer
1Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Developments in Biologicals
|May 22, 2013
Summary
Schmallenberg virus (SBV), a novel Orthobunyavirus, emerged in Europe in 2011. While adult ruminants show mild symptoms, SBV infection during pregnancy causes severe fetal malformations, necessitating ongoing research and diagnostics.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Emerging Infectious Diseases
- Ruminant Health
Background:
- A novel Simbu serogroup virus, Schmallenberg virus (SBV), was identified in 2011.
- SBV rapidly disseminated across Europe, with biting midges implicated in its transmission.
- Adult ruminants exhibit mild or asymptomatic infections, but pregnant animals are at risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the emergence and characteristics of Schmallenberg virus.
- To highlight the clinical impact of SBV on ruminant reproduction.
- To underscore the importance of diagnostic development and continued research.
Main Methods:
- Surveillance and identification of the novel virus.
- Epidemiological investigations into transmission vectors.
- Clinical and pathological examinations of affected animals.
- Development of diagnostic tools (real-time RT-PCR, ELISA).
Main Results:
- Schmallenberg virus (SBV) emerged in Europe in late 2011.
- SBV causes arthrogryposis-hydranencephaly syndrome in offspring of infected pregnant ruminants.
- Diagnostic assays are now available, and significant knowledge has been acquired.
Conclusions:
- Schmallenberg virus poses a significant threat to ruminant reproduction.
- Continued research and information exchange are crucial for managing SBV.
- Available diagnostic tools aid in surveillance and control efforts.
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