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Electrophoresis: Overview

Electrophoresis: Overview

Electrophoresis is a powerful analytical separation technique that relies on the differential migration of charged species when subjected to an electric field. The core strength of electrophoresis lies in its ability to separate high-molecular-weight species in complex mixtures. It has found widespread use in biochemistry, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry, allowing the separation of compounds like amino acids, nucleotides, carbohydrates, and proteins with excellent resolution.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Separating Beads and Cells in Multi-channel Microfluidic Devices Using Dielectrophoresis and Laminar Flow

Separating Beads and Cells in Multi-channel Microfluidic Devices Using Dielectrophoresis and Laminar Flow

Published on: February 4, 2011

Quantifying continuous-flow dielectrophoretic trapping of cells and micro-particles on micro-electrode array.

Lichen Rozitsky¹, Amir Fine, Dekel Dado

¹Russel Berrie Nanotechnology Institute RBNI, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.

Biomedical Microdevices

|May 22, 2013

Summary

This study introduces a microfluidic device for dielectrophoretic (DEP) characterization of cells. The method measures particle trapping over a frequency range, enabling electrical property analysis and cell sorting.

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Area of Science:

Biophysics
Microfluidics
Electrical Engineering

Background:

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a technique used to manipulate and characterize microparticles and cells.
Traditional DEP methods often rely on specific crossover frequencies for analysis.
Microfluidic devices offer precise control over particle manipulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel method for dielectrophoretic (DEP) characterization of particles and/or cells.
To enable particle and/or cell sorting and detection using a continuous frequency range.
To correlate trapping percentage with effective DEP force and electrical characteristics.

Main Methods:

Utilizing an interdigitated electrode array within a micro-channel with forced flow.
Measuring particle/cell trapping percentage over a continuous frequency range.
Applying a simplified model correlating trapping percentage to effective DEP force.

Main Results:

A linear correlation was found between spatial-averaged trapping percentage and effective DEP force.
The Clausius-Mossotti factor was fitted to experimental data, revealing effective electrical characteristics.
The trapping percentage curve facilitated sorting and detection beyond crossover frequencies.

Conclusions:

The developed microfluidic DEP system enables robust characterization of particle/cell electrical properties.
This method provides a broader basis for particle and/or cell differentiation and sorting.
The approach offers enhanced capabilities for biological and material analysis.