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Related Concept Videos

Anastomoses01:19

Anastomoses

In human anatomy, anastomosis refers to a connection or opening between two things, particularly between blood vessels or other tubular structures. The term is derived from the Greek term 'anastomosis,' which means 'outlet' or 'opening.' This natural network of connections plays a critical role in the survival and functionality of the human body.
Anastomoses can be formed at arterial, venous, and lymphatic vessels.
Arterial Anastomosis: These occur between arteries. They are most common in...
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Creation of Colonic Anastomosis in Mice
07:22

Creation of Colonic Anastomosis in Mice

Published on: January 17, 2019

Do we really know why colorectal anastomoses leak?

Benjamin D Shogan1, Erica M Carlisle, John C Alverdy

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery : Official Journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract
|May 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Colorectal anastomotic leaks remain a significant surgical risk, despite advancements. Further research into intestinal bacteria may reveal the underlying cause of these leaks.

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Creation of Colonic Anastomosis in Mice
07:22

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Published on: January 17, 2019

The C-seal: A Biofragmentable Drain Protecting the Stapled Colorectal Anastomosis from Leakage
07:51

The C-seal: A Biofragmentable Drain Protecting the Stapled Colorectal Anastomosis from Leakage

Published on: November 4, 2010

Endoscopic Vacuum Therapy for the Treatment of Anastomotic Leakage after Total Gastrectomy with Esophagojejunostomy
04:05

Endoscopic Vacuum Therapy for the Treatment of Anastomotic Leakage after Total Gastrectomy with Esophagojejunostomy

Published on: August 22, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Colorectal anastomotic leak is a serious complication impacting patient outcomes and healthcare resources.
  • Leak incidence approaches 11%, increasing with lower anastomoses, necessitating preventative measures like diverting ileostomy.
  • Current surgical techniques have not reduced leak rates, indicating an incomplete understanding of pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review known risk factors and technical considerations for colorectal anastomotic leaks.
  • To highlight the underappreciated role of intestinal bacteria in anastomotic healing and leak development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of major risk factors and technical aspects of colorectal anastomosis.
  • Analysis of evidence implicating intraluminal microbes in anastomotic leak pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Despite surgical innovations (staplers, laparoscopy, robotics), colorectal anastomotic leak rates remain high.
  • Fundamental causes of anastomotic leaks are not fully understood.
  • Intestinal bacteria are a compelling, yet overlooked, factor in anastomotic leak development.

Conclusions:

  • The pathogenesis of colorectal anastomotic leak remains elusive.
  • Intestinal microbes represent a promising area for future research to uncover the causes of anastomotic leaks.
  • Focusing on the gut microbiome could lead to novel strategies for preventing colorectal anastomotic complications.