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Obstructive sleep apnea and coronary artery disease: from pathophysiology to clinical implications

Fernando De Torres-Alba1, Daniele Gemma, Eduardo Armada-Romero

  • 1Acute Cardiac Care Unit, Department of Cardiology, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain.

Pulmonary Medicine
|May 22, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to coronary artery disease (CAD) through complex mechanisms. Research is growing on OSA

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are prevalent clinical issues.
  • The interplay between OSA and CAD is complex, affecting various stages of CAD.
  • Growing evidence suggests OSA is a risk factor for CAD and influences its prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the pathophysiological links between OSA and CAD.
  • To examine the clinical implications of OSA in CAD patients.
  • To review the impact of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on CAD prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating OSA and CAD.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms connecting OSA and CAD.
  • Evaluation of clinical outcomes in CAD patients with OSA.

Main Results:

  • OSA influences the spectrum of CAD, from atherosclerosis to myocardial infarction.
  • Evidence indicates OSA's role as a CAD risk factor.
  • CPAP therapy may impact CAD prognosis, but further research is needed.

Conclusions:

  • OSA is a significant clinical problem in CAD patients.
  • Stronger evidence is required to confirm OSA's causal role and the definitive benefits of CPAP therapy.
  • Understanding the OSA-CAD relationship is crucial for patient management.

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