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Bite force measurements with hard and soft bite surfaces.

C M Serra1, A E Manns

  • 1Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
|May 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Using softer bite surfaces increases maximum voluntary bite force measurements. This finding suggests soft surfaces enhance reliability for dental research and clinical assessments.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Dental Mechanics
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Bite force measurement is crucial in dentistry, but stiff bite surfaces may trigger inhibitory reflexes, affecting data reliability.
  • Existing methods for measuring maximum voluntary bite force (MVBF) can be influenced by the mechanical properties of the bite surface.
  • Understanding the impact of bite surface material on reflex activation is key to accurate force measurement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare maximum voluntary bite force (MVBF) using a digital occlusal force gauge with both semi-hard and soft bite surfaces.
  • To investigate the influence of bite surface material on the activation of neuromuscular mechanisms during biting.
  • To determine which bite surface type yields more reliable MVBF recordings.

Main Methods:

Keywords:
GM10 bite force meterbite forcedental occlusionhardnessocclusal force

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  • A sample of 34 young adults with complete natural dentition participated in the study.
  • Maximum voluntary bite force was measured using a digital occlusal force gauge (GM10 Nagano Keiki, Japan).
  • The standard semi-hard bite surface was replaced with a custom soft surface made of leather and rubber for comparative measurements.

Main Results:

  • Significantly higher maximum voluntary bite force scores were recorded when using the soft bite surface compared to the semi-hard surface (P < 0.05).
  • These differences were consistent across different sexes and tooth groups.
  • The study identified differential activation of periodontal mechanoreceptors based on bite surface hardness, with soft surfaces promoting greater elevator muscle activity.

Conclusions:

  • The hardness of the bite surface significantly influences the measured maximum voluntary bite force.
  • Soft bite surfaces appear to reduce the promptness of inhibitory reflex mechanisms, leading to higher recorded forces.
  • For enhanced reliability in maximum voluntary bite force recordings, the use of soft bite surfaces is recommended in research and clinical settings.