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Related Concept Videos

Resistivity01:22

Resistivity

When a voltage is applied to a conductor, an electrical field is generated, and charges in the conductor feel the force due to the electrical field. The current density that results depends on the electrical field and the properties of the material. In some materials, including metals at a given temperature, the current density is approximately proportional to the electrical field. In these cases, the current density can be modeled as:
Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate01:20

Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate

Aggregates contain pores of varying sizes; while some are completely enclosed within the particles, others open onto the surface, allowing water to penetrate. The porosity of aggregates is a major factor contributing to the overall porosity of concrete, given that aggregates constitute about three-quarters of concrete's volume.
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New method for continuous transmissivity profiling in fractured rock.

Carl E Keller1, John A Cherry, Beth L Parker

  • 1Flexible Underground Technologies Limited, Santa FE, NM 87506; carl@flut.com.

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Summary

A novel borehole liner method efficiently identifies hydraulically transmissive features in bedrock. This technique measures transmissivity (T) by analyzing the liner

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Area of Science:

  • Hydrogeology
  • Geotechnical Engineering
  • Borehole Geophysics

Background:

  • Identifying hydraulically transmissive features in bedrock boreholes is crucial for groundwater resource assessment and management.
  • Conventional methods for characterizing borehole hydraulic properties can be time-consuming and may not provide a comprehensive overview of feature distribution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a new, efficient method for locating and estimating the transmissivity (T) of hydraulically conductive zones in open bedrock boreholes.
  • To demonstrate the applicability of the method across a range of borehole diameters and depths.

Main Methods:

  • A flexible, watertight nylon borehole liner is deployed under a constant water head, everting down the borehole.
  • The liner's descent rate, governed by water outflow into permeable features, is measured to estimate bulk transmissivity (T).
  • Changes in liner velocity pinpoint the location and T of individual transmissive features using the Thiem equation.

Main Results:

  • The method successfully profiled boreholes ranging from 96 to 330 mm in diameter.
  • Profiling of 200- to 300-m long boreholes typically takes a few hours.
  • Transmissivity values obtained in a dolostone aquifer correlated well with conventional straddle packer injection tests.

Conclusions:

  • The everting borehole liner method provides an effective and efficient means for scanning entire boreholes for transmissive features.
  • While not replacing high-accuracy zone testing, it offers a valuable tool for preliminary assessment and locating key hydraulic zones.
  • Post-testing, the liner seals the borehole, preventing cross-contamination between features at different depths, and is removable for other uses.