Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a rapamycin-insensitive companion...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways01:25

cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
MAPK Signaling Cascades01:07

MAPK Signaling Cascades

Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Repeatability and agreement of planar lumbar range of motion measured by dynamic fluoroscopy and optical motion capture in an ovine cadaveric model.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2026
Same author

Associations of grip strength and muscle mass with incident complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study.

Diabetes research and clinical practice·2026
Same author

Retraction Note: M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition, perineural invasion, and migration/metastasis in cholangiocarcinoma through the AKT pathway.

Cancer cell international·2026
Same author

Descriptor-guided unlocking of efficient nitrate-to-ammonia electroreduction on copper-based single-atom alloys.

Journal of hazardous materials·2026
Same author

GWKNN: an enhanced k-nearest neighbor algorithm with G metric reconstruction and Grey Wolf Optimizer.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Lightweight target detection and multi target tracking for UAV inspection in open pit mines.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Epidermal Dominance of Metabolically Constrained Immune Niches Underpins Immune Activation Signatures and Clinical Severity in Psoriatic Disease.

Immunology·2026
Same journal

Thymic APC Networks Orchestrate T-Cell Selection: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities in Immune Disorders.

Immunology·2026
Same journal

Immune Checkpoints in Leukaemia as Gatekeepers of Immuno-Modulation.

Immunology·2026
Same journal

Senescent Human Liver Endothelial Cells Mediate CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cell Recruitment via ICOSL.

Immunology·2026
Same journal

The Transcription Factor EGR2 Plays a Central Role in the Expansion and Function of TCRαβ<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>-</sup>CD8<sup>-</sup> Double Negative T Cells in lpr Lupus Mice.

Immunology·2026
Same journal

Epigenetic Gene Networks Governing Immune State Transitions Across the Lifespan.

Immunology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

A Guide to Production, Crystallization, and Structure Determination of Human IKK1/&#945;
11:27

A Guide to Production, Crystallization, and Structure Determination of Human IKK1/α

Published on: November 2, 2018

Kinase AKT controls innate immune cell development and function.

Yan Zhang1, Xiao Wang, Hui Yang

  • 1Department of Immunology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China.

Immunology
|May 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Kinase AKT is crucial for tumor growth and also modulates innate immunity. This review details AKT

Keywords:
homeostasisimmunityinnate immunitykinase AKTmodulationmolecular mechanisms

More Related Videos

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development
09:32

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development

Published on: June 15, 2017

Evaluation of Caspase Activation to Assess Innate Immune Cell Death
10:23

Evaluation of Caspase Activation to Assess Innate Immune Cell Death

Published on: January 20, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

A Guide to Production, Crystallization, and Structure Determination of Human IKK1/&#945;
11:27

A Guide to Production, Crystallization, and Structure Determination of Human IKK1/α

Published on: November 2, 2018

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development
09:32

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development

Published on: June 15, 2017

Evaluation of Caspase Activation to Assess Innate Immune Cell Death
10:23

Evaluation of Caspase Activation to Assess Innate Immune Cell Death

Published on: January 20, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The serine/threonine kinase AKT is a central regulator of cell survival, proliferation, and metabolism.
  • While AKT's role in cancer is well-established, its function in immune modulation is increasingly recognized.
  • Innate immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells, are critical for host defense and inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of kinase AKT in the development, survival, and function of innate immune cells.
  • To elucidate how different AKT isoforms influence innate immunity and immunity-related diseases.
  • To highlight the mechanistic pathways, including mTOR-dependent and -independent signaling, by which AKT exerts its immune effects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating AKT signaling in innate immunity.
  • Analysis of research on AKT isoforms and their specific immune functions.
  • Synthesis of findings on AKT's impact on innate immune cell development and activity.

Main Results:

  • Kinase AKT significantly impacts the development, survival, and functional responses of neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells.
  • Distinct AKT isoforms exhibit differential regulatory effects on innate immune cell activities.
  • AKT signaling pathways, both mTOR-dependent and -independent, are key mediators of its immunomodulatory functions.

Conclusions:

  • Kinase AKT is a critical regulator of innate immunity, influencing the behavior of key immune cell populations.
  • Understanding AKT's complex roles in innate immunity is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies for immune-related diseases.
  • Further research into AKT isoform-specific functions and signaling pathways will refine our knowledge of immune modulation.