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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in acid or...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

A Fluorescent Intravital Imaging Approach to Study Load-Induced Calcium Signaling Dynamics in Mouse Osteocytes
05:03

A Fluorescent Intravital Imaging Approach to Study Load-Induced Calcium Signaling Dynamics in Mouse Osteocytes

Published on: February 24, 2023

Osteoclast-derived coupling factors in bone remodeling.

Kim Henriksen1, Morten A Karsdal, T John Martin

  • 1Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers and Research, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.

Calcified Tissue International
|May 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intercellular communication is vital for bone remodeling. Osteoclasts and osteoblasts dynamically interact through local signals, ensuring bone mass and integrity by coupling resorption with formation.

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A Fluorescent Intravital Imaging Approach to Study Load-Induced Calcium Signaling Dynamics in Mouse Osteocytes
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A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders

Published on: June 8, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and skeletal physiology.
  • Cellular and molecular mechanisms of bone remodeling.

Background:

  • Bone remodeling involves complex intercellular communication at bone multicellular units.
  • Osteoblast lineage historically recognized for programming osteoclast formation and resorption.
  • Maintaining bone mass requires tight control over remodeling processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the local controls and signaling pathways governing bone remodeling.
  • To understand the interplay between osteoblast and osteoclast lineages in bone formation and resorption.
  • To identify factors influencing mesenchymal precursor availability and osteoblast differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Predominantly in vitro experimental approaches were utilized.
  • Identification of signaling factors produced by the osteoclast lineage.
  • Analysis of growth factors released from resorbed bone matrix.

Main Results:

  • Osteoclast lineage produces factors that modulate osteoblast differentiation.
  • Local signals from mesenchymal precursors and bone matrix influence osteoblast differentiation.
  • Evidence suggests a dynamic coupling of bone formation to resorption.

Conclusions:

  • Bone remodeling is a complex, dynamic process regulated by numerous local factors.
  • Both cell- and matrix-derived signals play critical roles in promoting or inhibiting bone formation.
  • Intercellular communication is fundamental to preserving skeletal integrity.