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Related Concept Videos

Habitat Fragmentation02:31

Habitat Fragmentation

Habitat fragmentation describes the division of a more extensive, continuous habitat into smaller, discontinuous areas. Human activities such as land conversion, as well as slower geological processes leading to changes in the physical environment, are the two leading causes of habitat fragmentation. The fragmentation process typically follows the same steps: perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage, and attrition.
What is Climate?01:16

What is Climate?

Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
Distribution and Dispersion00:54

Distribution and Dispersion

To understand intra-specific interactions in populations, scientists measure the spatial arrangement of species individuals. This geographic arrangement is known as the species distribution or dispersion. Highly territorial species exhibit a uniform distribution pattern, in which individuals are spaced at relatively equal distances from one another. Species that are highly tied to particular resources, such as food or shelter, tend to concentrate around those resources, and thus exhibit a...
Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
Microbes and Climate Change01:27

Microbes and Climate Change

Microorganisms are pivotal agents in Earth's biogeochemical cycles, significantly influencing climate dynamics through their metabolic activities. These microbes modulate the levels of key greenhouse gases by both contributing to and helping mitigate climate change.Microbial Contributions to Greenhouse Gas EmissionsRising global temperatures accelerate microbial metabolism, which, in turn, speeds up the decomposition of organic matter. This process releases carbon dioxide (CO₂) through...
Expansion and Contraction in Masonry Walls01:19

Expansion and Contraction in Masonry Walls

Masonry walls are subject to slight expansion and contraction due to variations in temperature and moisture. Thermal movement in masonry is relatively straightforward to measure and plan for. On the other hand, moisture movement poses more of a challenge. New clay masonry units typically absorb water and expand over time under normal environmental conditions. Conversely, new concrete masonry units tend to shrink as they lose the excess moisture acquired during their production process.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions
06:10

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions

Published on: March 31, 2023

Range expansion through fragmented landscapes under a variable climate.

Jonathan Bennie1, Jenny A Hodgson, Callum R Lawson

  • 1Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, UK. j.j.bennie@exeter.ac.uk

Ecology Letters
|May 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Climate change impacts species range expansion. High-resolution temperature variability, not just average warming, drives butterfly range dynamics, improving conservation predictions.

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Published on: September 11, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Climate Change Biology
  • Conservation Science

Background:

  • Global climate change is increasing mean temperatures, affecting ecological responses.
  • Species' responses to climate change are influenced by complex weather and microclimate variability.
  • Understanding fine-scale environmental dynamics is crucial for predicting species' range shifts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how high-resolution temporal and spatial temperature variability influences the range expansion dynamics of the butterfly Hesperia comma.
  • To assess the impact of dynamic microclimate modeling on predicting population and metapopulation changes.
  • To determine the role of fine-scale environmental variability in driving species' range shifts.

Main Methods:

  • Developed fine-resolution (5 m) vegetation surface microclimate models.
  • Estimated thermal suitability for 906 habitat patches over 27 years.
  • Integrated dynamic microclimate data into population and metapopulation models to predict changes in density and patch occupancy.

Main Results:

  • High-resolution temperature variability was identified as a key driver of Hesperia comma range expansion dynamics.
  • Models incorporating dynamic microclimates significantly improved predictions of annual population density and patch occupancy changes.
  • Observed range expansion from 1982 to 2009 was better explained by dynamic microclimate data.

Conclusions:

  • Fine-scale, short-term environmental variability, including microclimate, is critical for understanding species' range expansion and contraction patterns.
  • Dynamic microclimate modeling enhances the accuracy of predictions for species range shifts at relevant conservation scales.
  • Incorporating microclimate variability is essential for effective conservation strategies in a changing climate.