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Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

Food allergy.

Antonella Cianferoni¹

¹Division of Allergy and Immunology, 3615 Civic Center Boulevard, ARC1216H, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. cianferonia@email.chop.edu.

Current Pharmaceutical Design

|May 25, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Food allergies are rising in children and adults, involving both IgE antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immune responses. Current management focuses on allergen avoidance, with novel immunotherapies under investigation for future treatment.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Allergology
Pediatrics

Background:

Food allergies are immune responses to food proteins, affecting 8% of children and 2% of adults.
Prevalence of food allergies and other allergic diseases is increasing globally.
Includes IgE-mediated (urticaria, anaphylaxis) and cell-mediated disorders (eosinophilic esophagitis, food protein-induced enterocolitis).

Purpose of the Study:

To review current understanding of food allergy pathogenesis.
To discuss current management strategies for food allergies.
To highlight emerging novel therapeutic approaches for food allergies.

Main Methods:

Literature review of IgE and non-IgE mediated food allergies.
Analysis of current clinical management practices.
Exploration of ongoing research into new treatment modalities.

Main Results:

Pathogenesis of both IgE and non-IgE mediated food allergies is under active investigation.
Current management relies on allergen avoidance and emergency treatment.
Novel strategies like sublingual/oral immunotherapy show promise.

Conclusions:

Food allergies represent a growing public health concern with complex immune mechanisms.
Effective allergen avoidance and prompt treatment are crucial.
Future treatments may involve immunotherapy to induce tolerance.