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A Dual Task Procedure Combined with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Test Attentional Blink for Nontargets
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Performance predictions affect attentional processes of event-based prospective memory.

Jan Rummel1, Beatrice G Kuhlmann, Dayna R Touron

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Mannheim, Schloss, D-68131 Mannheim, Germany.

Consciousness and Cognition
|May 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Making performance predictions impacts prospective memory (PM) processing. Predicting ongoing task performance alongside PM performance can mitigate negative effects on attention allocation and task speed.

Keywords:
MetamemoryPerformance predictionsProspective memoryReactive effects

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

A Dual Task Procedure Combined with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Test Attentional Blink for Nontargets
08:45

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Metamemory Research

Background:

  • Prospective memory (PM) is crucial for remembering to perform intended actions.
  • Attention allocation strategies significantly influence PM performance.
  • Metamemory, or knowledge about one's own memory, may play a role in regulating these strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how performance predictions affect prospective memory (PM) processing.
  • To investigate the influence of predicting PM task performance versus both PM and ongoing task performance.

Main Methods:

  • Participants were divided into groups: one predicting PM performance, another making no predictions (control), and a third predicting both PM and ongoing task performance.
  • Experiments involved embedding a PM task within an ongoing task, measuring response times and PM success rates.

Main Results:

  • Predicting only PM performance slowed ongoing task responding in both focal and nonfocal PM tasks.
  • Improved PM performance was observed only in the nonfocal task when PM predictions were made.
  • The correlation between ongoing task speed and PM performance decreased after predictions, suggesting non-functional slowing.
  • Making predictions about both tasks eliminated the detrimental effects on performance.

Conclusions:

  • Metamemory, specifically performance predictions, influences attention allocation strategies during PM tasks.
  • The findings highlight the role of metacognitive judgments in modulating cognitive control and memory performance.
  • Strategic prediction of ongoing task performance can prevent maladaptive attention shifts induced by PM-focused predictions.