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Palatable Western-style Cafeteria Diet as a Reliable Method for Modeling Diet-induced Obesity in Rodents

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Changing WIC changes what children eat.

M A Chiasson¹, S E Findley, J P Sekhobo

¹Public Health Solutions, New York, NY, USA. machiasson@healthsolutions.org

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)

|May 25, 2013

Summary

Revisions to the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) food packages improved children's diets and reduced obesity rates. These positive changes in nutritional behavior were observed in young children participating in the New York State WIC program.

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Area of Science:

Nutrition Science
Pediatric Public Health
Obesity Prevention

Background:

The USDA Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides nutritious food packages to low-income families.
Revisions to WIC food packages aim to improve dietary quality and address childhood obesity.
New York State (NYS) was the first to implement updated WIC food package regulations in January 2009.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of revised USDA WIC food packages on children's nutritional behaviors.
To assess the effect of these revisions on obesity rates in children aged 0-4 years.
To analyze changes in dietary intake and weight status among NYS WIC participants.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional study analyzing over 3.5 million administrative records from the NYS WIC Statewide Information System (WICSIS).
Data collected at 6-month intervals from July-December 2008 (pre-implementation) to July-December 2011.
Parental interviews conducted by WIC staff at mandatory certification and recertification visits provided behavioral data.

Main Results:

Significant increases observed in breastfeeding initiation, delayed solid food introduction, and daily consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Increased intake of low-fat/nonfat milk and decreased consumption of whole milk among eligible children.
Modest but significant decreases in the proportion of children classified as overweight or obese (≥95th percentile weight-for-recumbent length or BMI).

Conclusions:

The cost-neutral revisions to the USDA WIC food package led to positive shifts in children's dietary intake.
Implementation of the revised WIC food packages was associated with reductions in childhood obesity.
These findings support the effectiveness of updated WIC food package guidelines in promoting healthier nutritional behaviors and combating obesity in young children.