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Rapid Formation and Testing of Self-expanding NiTi Frames with a Small Form Factor Suitable for Minimally Invasive Implants
Published on: March 7, 2025
New Ni-free superelastic alloy for orthodontic applications
M Arciniegas1, J M Manero, E Espinar
1Biomaterials and Biomechanics Division, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.
Summary
A new nickel-free titanium alloy shows promising superelasticity and corrosion resistance for biomedical uses. This biocompatible alloy offers an alternative to nickel-titanium, avoiding adverse nickel reactions.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Biomedical Engineering
- Metallurgy
Background:
- Nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys are widely used in orthodontics but can cause adverse reactions due to nickel ion release.
- Development of nickel-free alternatives is crucial for enhanced patient safety and broader biomedical applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the superelastic behavior, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility of a novel nickel-free Ti19.1Nb8.8Zr alloy.
- To compare the performance of this new alloy against commercial NiTi orthodontic archwires.
Main Methods:
- Chemical composition analyzed using X-ray microanalysis.
- Thermoelastic martensitic transformation characterized via high sensitivity calorimetry.
- Superelasticity and critical stress determined by electromechanical testing.
- Corrosion resistance assessed in artificial saliva at 37°C.
- Biocompatibility evaluated using MG63 cell cultures.
Main Results:
- The Ti19.1Nb8.8Zr alloy exhibits thermoelastic martensitic transformation with Ms=45°C, with austenite present at 37°C.
- Superelastic effect observed with physiological critical stress and minimal recovery loss after 150 cycles.
- Superior corrosion resistance compared to NiTi alloys, mitigating nickel ion release concerns.
- Comparable MG63 cell adhesion to commercially pure titanium and beta-titanium alloys, indicating excellent in-vitro biocompatibility.
Conclusions:
- The novel nickel-free Ti19.1Nb8.8Zr alloy demonstrates significant potential for biomedical applications due to its favorable superelasticity, enhanced corrosion resistance, and excellent biocompatibility.
- This alloy presents a safe and effective alternative to NiTi, addressing the issue of nickel-related adverse reactions.
