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Updated: May 11, 2026

Pupillary Response as Assessment of Effective Seizure Induction by Electroconvulsive Therapy
Published on: April 11, 2019
Effects of clonazepam on self-induced photoparoxysmal responses
Yoshiaki Saito1, Yuko Matsuda1, Kenji Sugai1
1Department of Child Neurology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract:
A 5-year-old girl exhibited daily episodes of repetitive blinking lasting 5-10 s. Electroencephalography (EEG) revealed marked photoparoxysmal responses (PPR) at 3-20 Hz of photic stimulation and diffuse spike-wave bursts during sleep. A 24-h video EEG identified 11 episodes of repetitive blinking, 3 of which resulted in widespread spike-wave discharges. These suggested that the behavior of the patient represented self-induction of PPR. Valproate sodium was ineffective in decreasing PPR, as revealed by EEG, and the frequency of blinking episodes, but clonazepam attenuated PPR and significantly decreased the blinking behavior.
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