Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview
Vaccine Production01:23

Vaccine Production

Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cryo-EM structure of African horse sickness virus VP2 receptor-binding protein enables nanoparticle vaccine design.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Extending the temporal window of arbovirus evolutionary analysis through the recovery of a century-old bandavirus.

Virus evolution·2026
Same author

Isolation and Identification of Emerging Equine Encephalosis Virus Serotype 6 in Israel, 2023.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Emerging Goatpox Virus Threat in Wild Ruminants: First Documented Outbreak in the United Arab Emirates, 2024.

Veterinary sciences·2026
Same author

Aujeszky's Disease in a Grey Wolf (<i>Canis lupus</i>) in Poland.

Viruses·2026
Same author

[Hydranencephaly in a newborn calf after intrauterine BTV-3 infection in a beef cattle herd in Saxony/Germany].

Tierarztliche Praxis. Ausgabe G, Grosstiere/Nutztiere·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Production of E. coli-expressed Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticles for Vaccines Requiring Trimeric Epitope Presentation
10:58

Production of E. coli-expressed Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticles for Vaccines Requiring Trimeric Epitope Presentation

Published on: August 21, 2019

Inactivated Schmallenberg virus prototype vaccines.

Kerstin Wernike1, Veljko M Nikolin, Silke Hechinger

  • 1Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Suedufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.

Vaccine
|May 28, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New Schmallenberg virus (SBV) inactivated vaccines show promise in preventing infection in calves and sheep. Vaccinated animals developed neutralizing antibodies and showed reduced or no RNAemia after challenge, indicating potential for SBV control.

Keywords:
CattleInactivated vaccineOrthobunyavirusSchmallenberg virusSheep

More Related Videos

Using Reverse Genetics to Manipulate the NSs Gene of the Rift Valley Fever Virus MP-12 Strain to Improve Vaccine Safety and Efficacy
09:13

Using Reverse Genetics to Manipulate the NSs Gene of the Rift Valley Fever Virus MP-12 Strain to Improve Vaccine Safety and Efficacy

Published on: November 1, 2011

Protocol for Recombinant RBD-based SARS Vaccines: Protein Preparation, Animal Vaccination and Neutralization Detection
12:09

Protocol for Recombinant RBD-based SARS Vaccines: Protein Preparation, Animal Vaccination and Neutralization Detection

Published on: May 2, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Production of E. coli-expressed Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticles for Vaccines Requiring Trimeric Epitope Presentation
10:58

Production of E. coli-expressed Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticles for Vaccines Requiring Trimeric Epitope Presentation

Published on: August 21, 2019

Using Reverse Genetics to Manipulate the NSs Gene of the Rift Valley Fever Virus MP-12 Strain to Improve Vaccine Safety and Efficacy
09:13

Using Reverse Genetics to Manipulate the NSs Gene of the Rift Valley Fever Virus MP-12 Strain to Improve Vaccine Safety and Efficacy

Published on: November 1, 2011

Protocol for Recombinant RBD-based SARS Vaccines: Protein Preparation, Animal Vaccination and Neutralization Detection
12:09

Protocol for Recombinant RBD-based SARS Vaccines: Protein Preparation, Animal Vaccination and Neutralization Detection

Published on: May 2, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccine Development

Background:

  • Schmallenberg virus (SBV), an Orthobunyavirus, emerged in Europe in 2011, causing significant economic losses in ruminants due to fetal malformations and stillbirth.
  • SBV is widely distributed across Europe, and effective vaccines are lacking to control its transmission and spread.
  • SBV infection in adult ruminants typically results in mild, transient disease, but poses severe risks to pregnant naive animals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of five newly developed inactivated vaccine candidates against Schmallenberg virus in calves and sheep.
  • To assess the safety and immunogenicity of the experimental SBV vaccines.
  • To determine the impact of vaccination on viral RNAemia following challenge infection.

Main Methods:

  • 16 calves and 25 sheep were vaccinated twice with one of five inactivated SBV vaccine candidates; 6 calves and 5 sheep served as unvaccinated controls.
  • Animals were monitored clinically, serologically, and virologically before and after challenge infection.
  • Neutralizing antibody responses and the presence of viral RNAemia were key indicators of vaccine efficacy.

Main Results:

  • All vaccinated animals developed a neutralizing antibody response three weeks after the second vaccination without adverse side effects.
  • Four of the five vaccine candidates completely prevented RNAemia post-challenge, while the fifth candidate significantly reduced it.
  • The strength of the antibody response varied depending on the cell line used for virus propagation and the viral titer before inactivation.

Conclusions:

  • The newly developed inactivated SBV vaccines are safe and immunogenic, inducing protective antibody responses in target species.
  • The vaccine candidates demonstrated significant potential in preventing or reducing SBV viremia, offering a promising tool for disease control.
  • Further studies are needed to evaluate the duration of immunity conferred by these vaccines.