Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
What is the Skeletal System?01:02

What is the Skeletal System?

Overview
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
The Functions of the Skeletal System01:22

The Functions of the Skeletal System

The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Endoscopic Endonasal Transclival Approach to Ventral Brainstem Cavernous Malformations: Preliminary Case Series and Technical Note on Clival Reconstruction.

World neurosurgery·2026
Same author

Endoscopic One-Nostril Transseptal Transsphenoidal Approach for Pituitary Tumors: Back to the Past-A Multi-Center Preliminary Experience and Literature Review.

Cancers·2026
Same author

Minimally Invasive Surgical Strategies in Intraventricular Tumors: Preliminary Experience with Tubular Retractors for a Personalized Approach in Intraventricular Meningiomas.

Journal of personalized medicine·2026
Same author

The Weight of Eloquence in Motor Area Glioblastoma: Oncologic Outcome After nTMS-Guided Surgical Resection.

NeuroSci·2025
Same author

Baseline radiological parameters associated with good neurological outcome following ventriculoperitoneal shunt in normal pressure hydrocephalus: A single-center study on 82 patients.

Surgical neurology international·2025
Same author

Advanced MRI, Radiomics and Radiogenomics in Unravelling Incidental Glioma Grading and Genetic Status: Where Are We?

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation
07:17

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

Published on: April 14, 2016

The sinking bone syndrome?

Alessandro Di Rienzo1, Maurizio Iacoangeli, Lorenzo Alvaro

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Umberto I General Hospital, Ancona, Italy.

Neurologia Medico-Chirurgica
|May 28, 2013
PubMed
Summary

A novel "Sinking Bone Syndrome" is identified, characterized by neurological deficits due to mobile bone after cranioplasty. Surgical revision with new implants resolves symptoms, highlighting the need for long-term patient monitoring.

More Related Videos

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation
07:17

Murine Hind Limb Long Bone Dissection and Bone Marrow Isolation

Published on: April 14, 2016

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Neurology
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Bone resorption is a recognized complication following cranioplasty after decompressive craniectomy (DC).
  • A subset of patients develop progressive neurological symptoms linked to incomplete bone resorption and abnormal implant mobility.
  • These symptoms resemble, but are more severe than, those seen in sinking flap syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a potential new syndrome, termed 'Sinking Bone Syndrome', characterized by neurological deterioration after cranioplasty.
  • To analyze the etiopathogenesis of these symptoms, focusing on bone resorption and mobility.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of revision surgery for this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 7 patients experiencing neurological symptoms 18 months to 5 years post-cranioplasty.
  • Clinical and neuroradiological examinations to assess bone resorption and movement.
  • Revision cranioplasty using porous hydroxyapatite or polyetherketone implants.

Main Results:

  • Identified partial bone resorption and unnatural inward bone movement during postural changes as the likely cause of symptoms.
  • All 7 patients underwent successful revision surgery.
  • Complete resolution of neurological symptoms (headache, vertigo, ataxia, confusion, memory impairment, etc.) occurred within 3 to 20 days post-revision.

Conclusions:

  • The study proposes 'Sinking Bone Syndrome' as a distinct entity causing neurological deficits after cranioplasty.
  • Revision surgery with stable alloplastic materials effectively resolves symptoms.
  • Emphasizes the necessity for long-term surveillance of cranioplasty patients and prompt evaluation of new neurological symptoms.