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The role of HMGB1 in inflammation-mediated organ injury

Paladd Asavarut1, Hailin Zhao, Jianteng Gu

  • 1Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine & Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK.

Acta Anaesthesiologica Taiwanica : Official Journal of the Taiwan Society of Anesthesiologists
|May 29, 2013
PubMed

Insights

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein drives inflammation and organ damage. Targeting HMGB1 and its signaling pathways offers potential for preventing and treating various acute and chronic organ injuries.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein with extracellular functions.
  • HMGB1 acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule, triggering potent proinflammatory responses.
  • It plays a critical role in mediating various forms of organ injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of HMGB1 in organ injury.
  • To elucidate the signaling mechanisms involving HMGB1, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE).
  • To highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting HMGB1 in organ injury.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating HMGB1's role in organ injury.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways implicated in HMGB1-mediated damage.
  • Synthesis of evidence on HMGB1's involvement in both acute and chronic organ diseases.

Main Results:

  • HMGB1 is a key mediator in acute organ injuries such as ischemia, mechanical damage, allograft rejection, and toxicity.
  • HMGB1 contributes to chronic diseases affecting the heart, kidneys, lungs, and brain.
  • Its signaling involves TLRs and RAGE, amplifying inflammatory processes.

Conclusions:

  • HMGB1 is a significant contributor to diverse organ injuries.
  • Developing strategies targeting HMGB1 and its associated signaling pathways holds promise.
  • These strategies may offer preventive and therapeutic benefits for organ damage.

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