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Updated: May 11, 2026

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

Screening tests for gestational diabetes: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.

Lois Donovan¹, Lisa Hartling, Melanie Muise

¹University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. lois.donovan@albertahealthservices.ca

Annals of Internal Medicine

|May 29, 2013

Summary

The 50-g oral glucose challenge test (OGCT) effectively screens for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and identifies women without the condition. However, it requires further validation against newer diagnostic criteria.

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Endocrinology
Diagnostic Testing

Background:

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening is crucial for maternal and fetal health.
The 50-g oral glucose challenge test (OGCT) is a standard GDM screening method.
Alternative screening strategies are under consideration due to evolving diagnostic criteria.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review the diagnostic test characteristics of various GDM screening methods.
To evaluate screening performance across different recommended glucose thresholds.
To compare the effectiveness of different GDM screening tests.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive systematic review of 15 electronic databases (1995-2012), reference lists, and gray literature.
Inclusion of English-language prospective studies comparing GDM screening tests against reference standards.
Data extraction and quality assessment performed independently by two reviewers from 51 cohort studies.

Main Results:

The OGCT demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity for GDM screening at various thresholds (e.g., 7.8 mmol/L and 7.2 mmol/L).
Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) at 4.7 mmol/L showed high sensitivity but lower specificity compared to OGCT.
Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) testing exhibited poorer performance than FPG or OGCT for GDM screening.

Conclusions:

The OGCT and FPG (at 4.7 mmol/L) are effective in identifying women without GDM by 24 weeks' gestation.
The OGCT is superior in identifying women with GDM.
Current GDM screening methods, including the OGCT, lack validation against the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria.