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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research

Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Cell Population Analyses During Skin Carcinogenesis
06:53

Cell Population Analyses During Skin Carcinogenesis

Published on: August 21, 2013

Skin stem cell hypotheses and long term clone survival--explored using agent-based modelling.

X Li1, A K Upadhyay, A J Bullock

  • 1Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom. xinshan.li@sheffield.ac.uk

Scientific Reports
|May 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Skin stem cells regenerate epidermis through asymmetric division, preserving genetic diversity. This study models epidermal homeostasis, revealing the third hypothesis as most effective for self-renewal and explaining skin aging.

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Establishing a High Throughput Epidermal Spheroid Culture System to Model Keratinocyte Stem Cell Plasticity

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Cell Population Analyses During Skin Carcinogenesis
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Enumeration of Neural Stem Cells Using Clonal Assays
10:32

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Establishing a High Throughput Epidermal Spheroid Culture System to Model Keratinocyte Stem Cell Plasticity
10:03

Establishing a High Throughput Epidermal Spheroid Culture System to Model Keratinocyte Stem Cell Plasticity

Published on: January 30, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Computational Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Skin renewal relies on keratinocyte turnover and differentiation.
  • Three hypotheses explain basal keratinocyte regeneration: asymmetric division, populational asymmetry with stochastic fate, and populational asymmetry with stem cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate epidermal homeostasis and lineage dynamics.
  • To model skin regeneration using a 3D agent-based approach.
  • To evaluate proposed hypotheses for basal keratinocyte regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a 3D agent-based model of the epidermis.
  • Simulated epidermal growth and maintenance over three years.
  • Traced the offspring of proliferative cells to analyze lineage dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Asymmetric division preserved all lineages.
  • Populational asymmetry models resulted in the loss of most lineages.
  • Populational asymmetry with stem cells best explained self-renewal and genetic heterogeneity preservation.

Conclusions:

  • The third hypothesis (populational asymmetry with stem cells) is the most robust model for epidermal self-renewal.
  • This model accounts for the preservation of genetic heterogeneity in quiescent stem cells.
  • The model also provides insights into skin aging mechanisms and genetic mutation accumulation.