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Optimistic expectations in early marriage: a resource or vulnerability for adaptive relationship functioning?

Lisa A Neff1, Andrew L Geers

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Dispositional optimism aids relationship problem-solving and well-being, while relationship-specific optimism may hinder coping and marital stability. Understanding optimism

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Relationship Science

Background:

  • Optimism is traditionally viewed as a relationship resource.
  • However, some research suggests it can impede proactive coping with challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different conceptualizations of optimism influence relationship coping and well-being.
  • To differentiate the effects of dispositional optimism versus relationship-specific optimism.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-method, longitudinal study of newly married couples.
  • Assessed optimistic expectancies, daily conflict, problem-solving behaviors, and marital well-being over one year.
  • Controlled for self-esteem and neuroticism.

Main Results:

  • Dispositional optimism predicted more positive problem-solving and stable marital well-being.
  • Relationship-specific optimism predicted poorer problem-solving and steeper declines in marital well-being.
  • Findings held after controlling for self-esteem and neuroticism.

Conclusions:

  • Global dispositional optimism functions as a relationship asset.
  • Specific forms of optimism may pose a risk to marital stability.
  • Conceptualizing optimism is crucial for understanding its impact on relationships.