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Published on: April 5, 2019
Psychophysiological responses to pain identify reproducible human clusters
Adam D Farmer1, Steven J Coen, Michiko Kano
1Centre for Digestive Diseases, Blizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK Behavioural Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan Gastrointestinal Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Aston Brain Centre, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience & Endocrinology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Researchers identified two distinct human pain clusters (PCs) based on psychophysiological and genetic profiles. These pain clusters show differences in pain perception and brain activity, potentially aiding in chronic pain risk identification.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychology
- Genetics
Background:
- Pain perception is highly variable, with underlying psychophysiological and genetic factors not fully understood.
- Individual differences in pain response contribute to variability in research, particularly in brain imaging studies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the existence of distinct human pain clusters (PCs) with unique psychophysiological and genetic profiles.
- To explore differences in pain perception and brain processing associated with these identified pain clusters.
Main Methods:
- Studied 120 healthy subjects, measuring personality traits, anxiety, and serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) genotype.
- Assessed autonomic nervous system parameters and serum cortisol at baseline and after pain stimuli.
- Utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine brain processing of visceral pain in a subset of subjects.
Main Results:
- Cluster analysis revealed two reproducible pain clusters (PCs).
- PC1 exhibited higher neuroticism/anxiety, greater sympathetic tone, and higher cortisol levels, with reduced pain tolerance and increased parasympathetic tone during pain.
- PC2 displayed the converse profile. Significant differences in brain activity were observed between PCs, particularly in frontal and insular regions. The short allele of 5-HTTLPR was over-represented in one PC.
Conclusions:
- Two distinct, reproducible human pain clusters exist, characterized by unique psychophysiological and genetic profiles.
- Understanding these pain clusters may help identify individuals at risk for chronic pain.
- Characterization of pain clusters could reduce variability in neuroimaging studies of pain.
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