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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach
10:50

Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach

Published on: June 6, 2012

Cochlear compression: recent insights from behavioural experiments.

Christopher J Plack1

  • 1School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK. chris.plack@manchester.ac.uk

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|May 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Behavioral techniques reveal human basilar membrane (BM) compression, matching mammals and showing loss with hearing impairment. An additivity of forward masking (AFM) technique suggests additional central compression possibly linked to inner hair cell function.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach
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Published on: January 9, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Psychoacoustics
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Physiological measures offer limited insight into human basilar membrane (BM) response.
  • Behavioral techniques now enable accurate measurement of human BM non-linear characteristics.
  • Forward masking is a key psychoacoustic paradigm for assessing auditory function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the non-linear characteristics of the human basilar membrane (BM) using behavioral techniques.
  • To compare human BM compression with that of other mammals and its relation to hearing loss.
  • To explore potential sources of compression beyond the BM, including central auditory pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized forward masking techniques, including growth of forward masking and temporal masking curve techniques.
  • Employed the additivity of forward masking (AFM) technique to estimate compression.
  • Compared responses using on-frequency and off-frequency maskers, and single versus combined maskers.

Main Results:

  • Human BM compression measured behaviorally aligns with non-human mammal data.
  • Compression is absent in individuals with moderate-to-severe cochlear hearing loss, indicating outer hair cell dysfunction.
  • AFM technique suggests compression extends to low characteristic frequencies (CFs) in humans and reveals a potential central compression source.

Conclusions:

  • Behavioral masking techniques are effective for studying human BM mechanics.
  • Outer hair cell dysfunction significantly impacts cochlear compression.
  • Evidence points to both peripheral (BM) and central auditory system compression, with the latter potentially involving inner hair cell transduction.