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Gain

Gain

Gain and phase shift are properties of linear circuits that describe the effect a circuit has on a sinusoidal input voltage or current. The circuit's behavior that contains reactive elements will depend on the frequency of the input sinusoid. As a result, it is observed that the gain and phase shift will all be frequency functions.
Gain:
Suppose Vin is the input and Vout is the output signal to a circuit.

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Updated: May 11, 2026

Psychophysically-anchored, Robust Thresholding in Studying Pain-related Lateralization of Oscillatory Prestimulus Activity

Psychophysically-anchored, Robust Thresholding in Studying Pain-related Lateralization of Oscillatory Prestimulus Activity

Published on: January 21, 2017

Improved psychophysical methods to estimate peripheral gain and compression.

Ifat Yasin¹, Vit Drga, Christopher J Plack

¹Ear Institute, University College London, London, UK. i.yasin@ucl.ac.uk

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

|May 30, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

New methods for measuring hearing function, like the fixed-duration masking curve (FDMC), avoid biases from the medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR). This allows for more accurate estimates of basilar membrane gain and compression.

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Quantitative Assessment of Cortical Auditory-tactile Processing in Children with Disabilities

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Published on: January 29, 2014

Area of Science:

Auditory neuroscience
Psychoacoustics
Human physiology

Background:

Previous estimates of basilar membrane gain and compression may be influenced by the medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR).
Longer masker durations in temporal masking curve (TMC) and additivity of forward masking (AFM) methods might inadvertently activate the MOCR.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the fixed-duration masking curve (FDMC) method with existing TMC and AFM methods.
To investigate the impact of efferent pathway activation on estimates of auditory gain and compression using the FDMC method.

Main Methods:

Experiment 1: Compared TMC, AFM, and FDMC (25 ms stimulus duration) for estimating gain and compression.
Experiment 2: Utilized the FDMC method with a precursor sound to manipulate efferent activation and assess its effect on gain and compression.

Main Results:

Estimates of compression were similar across TMC, FDMC, and AFM methods.
Gain estimates were comparable between TMC and FDMC methods.
FDMC identified maximum compression at a lower input masker level than TMC.
Estimated gain decreased with increasing precursor level and increased with longer silent intervals, indicating efferent response decay.

Conclusions:

The FDMC method provides reliable estimates of auditory compression and gain, potentially unaffected by MOCR.
Auditory gain is modulated by efferent activity, with effects decaying over time.