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Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis

Bacterial pathogens depend on precise and efficient DNA replication to sustain infection. Two type II topoisomerases—DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV—are critical to this process, as they resolve DNA supercoiling and unlink chromosomes during replication. Fluoroquinolones, synthetic derivatives of quinolones, exploit this mechanism by stabilizing the transient DNA–enzyme cleavage complex, preventing strand religation, and causing lethal double-strand breaks. These antibiotics are selectively...
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Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a range of symptoms that significantly impact cognition, behavior, and emotional regulation. Among these, the positive symptoms stand out as they involve the addition or exaggeration of normal mental functions, deviating markedly from typical behavior and perception. Hallucinations and delusions are prominent positive symptoms, each profoundly affecting the individual's experience of reality.
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Ofloxacin-induced hallucinations.

Urmila Chauhan1, Preeti Shanbag, Prafull Kashid

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, ESI-PGIMSR and MGM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Indian Journal of Pharmacology
|May 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Drug-induced hallucinations, especially from fluoroquinolones like ofloxacin, can mimic psychiatric conditions. Prompt drug withdrawal is key for symptom resolution in children experiencing these adverse events.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Drug-induced hallucinations are a recognized adverse effect, often misdiagnosed.
  • Central nervous system adverse events, including psychosis and hallucinations, are reported with fluoroquinolone use.

Observation:

  • A 5-year-old girl developed visual hallucinations after receiving ofloxacin.
  • This case highlights a potential link between fluoroquinolone antibiotics and pediatric hallucinations.

Findings:

  • The patient experienced visual hallucinations directly following ofloxacin administration.
  • Discontinuation of the offending drug led to complete resolution of the hallucinatory symptoms.

Implications:

  • Accurate diagnosis of drug-induced hallucinations is crucial to avoid inappropriate antipsychotic treatment.
Keywords:
Adverse eventshallucinationsofloxacin

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  • Clinicians should consider fluoroquinolones as a potential cause of hallucinations in pediatric patients.
  • Early recognition and drug withdrawal can prevent prolonged or unnecessary medical interventions.