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Related Concept Videos

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...

NF-kB-dependent Signaling Pathway

NF-kB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

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Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors

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Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:

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Related Experiment Videos

Oleanane-triterpenoids from Panax stipuleanatus inhibit NF-κB.

Chun Liang¹, Yan Ding, Seok Bean Song

¹College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea ; Herbal Medicine Improvement Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 305-811, Korea.

Journal of Ginseng Research

|May 30, 2013

Summary

This study identified potent anti-inflammatory compounds from Panax stipuleanatus. Certain saponins effectively inhibited nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation in liver cells, offering potential therapeutic benefits.

Keywords:

Nuclear factor-κB Oleanane-type triterpenoid Panax ginseng Panax stipuleanatus

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

Natural Product Chemistry
Pharmacology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Panax stipuleanatus is a source of bioactive compounds.
Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a key regulator of inflammatory responses.
Identifying novel anti-inflammatory agents is crucial for therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

To isolate and characterize oleanane-type saponins from Panax stipuleanatus.
To evaluate the inhibitory effects of these compounds on NF-κB activity.
To investigate the mechanism of action of active compounds on inflammatory mediators.

Main Methods:

Isolation and purification of oleanane-type triterpenes and saponins.
Luciferase reporter gene assay to measure NF-κB activity in HepG2 cells.
Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to assess inflammatory gene expression.

Main Results:

Fifteen oleanane-type saponins were isolated and tested.
Compounds 6-11 demonstrated significant inhibition of NF-κB activity, with IC50 values ranging from 3.1 to 18.9 μM.
Compounds 8, 10, and 11 reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2.

Conclusions:

Oleanane-type saponins from Panax stipuleanatus possess potent NF-κB inhibitory activity.
Compounds 8, 10, and 11 are promising candidates for anti-inflammatory drug development.
These compounds exert their effects by reducing inflammatory factor concentrations in HepG2 cells.