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3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

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Transient localized wave patterns and their application to migraine.

Markus A Dahlem¹, Thomas M Isele

¹Department of Physics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany. dahlem@physik.tu-berlin.de.

Journal of Mathematical Neuroscience

|May 31, 2013

Summary

Transient cortical waves, modeled mathematically, may explain migraine headaches. These brain waves, observed via fMRI, occur in both migraine with aura and migraine without aura, impacting pain severity.

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Area of Science:

Computational neuroscience
Neuroimaging
Migraine pathophysiology

Background:

Transient brain dynamics present significant mathematical and clinical challenges.
Cortical spreading depression (SD) is implicated in migraine, but its role in different subtypes is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the statistical properties of transient cortical wave patterns using a reaction-diffusion model.
To explore the causal relationship between cortical spreading depression waves and migraine headache phases.

Main Methods:

Utilized a canonical reaction-diffusion model with mean field inhibition.
Analyzed characteristic forms (shape, size, duration) of traveling waves near a saddle-node bifurcation.
Correlated model findings with fMRI observations in migraine patients.

Main Results:

Identified wave patterns formed by ghost behavior near a saddle-node bifurcation.
Supported the hypothesis that cortical spreading depression waves occur in both migraine with aura (MA) and migraine without aura (MO).
Found maximal affected cortical area is anticorrelated with SD duration and total affected area, potentially explaining headache severity differences between MO and MA.

Conclusions:

Cortical spreading depression waves are likely involved in the headache phase of both major migraine subtypes.
The prevalence and characteristics of MO and MA correlate with statistical properties of traveling wave forms.
Model predictions offer insights into headache activation, MA incidence, and silent aura phenomena in MO.