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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet cell...
Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Methods for Detecting Cough and Airway Inflammation in Mice
04:33

Methods for Detecting Cough and Airway Inflammation in Mice

Published on: August 2, 2024

Chronic cough in children.

Michael D Shields1, Gary M Doherty

  • 1Queen's University Belfast & Consultant in Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children, Centre for Infection & Immunity, Queen's University Belfast, Health Sciences Building, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Bt7 9BL, N Ireland, UK. m.shields@qub.ac.uk

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|May 31, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diagnosing chronic cough in children involves identifying underlying conditions and using time-limited treatment trials. Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) may require antibiotics, while persistent or severe cases warrant investigation for suppurative lung disease.

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Methods for Detecting Cough and Airway Inflammation in Mice
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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Chronic cough is variably defined, often persisting after viral or pertussis-like illnesses.
  • Management focuses on diagnosis and targeted treatment, with treatment trials sometimes used diagnostically.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline diagnostic and management strategies for chronic cough in children.
  • To differentiate between common causes like asthma and protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB).

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic approaches for chronic cough.
  • Emphasis on time-limited empirical treatment trials.
  • Criteria for investigating specific causes of suppurative lung disease.

Main Results:

  • Natural resolution is common; diagnostic treatment trials should be time-limited.
  • Asthma is over-diagnosed in isolated dry cough; PBB is a consideration for chronic wet cough.
  • PBB often responds to antibiotics, but further investigation is needed for refractory cases.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic approach to chronic cough diagnosis is crucial.
  • Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) is a treatable cause of chronic wet cough in children.
  • Further investigation is essential for children with PBB unresponsive to treatment or with concerning features.