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Related Concept Videos

Magnetism01:30

Magnetism

8.2K
Magnets are commonly found in everyday objects, such as toys, hangers, elevators, doorbells, and computer devices. Experimentation on these magnets shows that all magnets have two poles: one is labeled north (N) and the other south (S). Magnetic poles repel if they are alike and attract if unlike. Moreover, both poles of a magnet attract unmagnetized pieces of iron.
An individual magnetic pole cannot be isolated. No matter how small, every piece of a magnet contains a north pole and a south...
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Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
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Magnetic Flux01:18

Magnetic Flux

4.2K
The magnetic flux measures the number of magnetic field lines passing through a given surface area. The SI unit for magnetic flux is the weber (Wb). Magnetic flux is a scalar quantity. It depends on three factors: the strength of the magnetic field B, the area through which the field lines pass, and the relative orientation of the field with the surface area.
Suppose a surface is divided into elements of area dA. For each element, the component of the magnetic field that is normal to the...
4.2K
Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

2.4K
Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
2.4K
Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

924
Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
924
Magnetic Damping01:17

Magnetic Damping

1.3K
Eddy currents can produce significant drag on motion, called magnetic damping. For instance, when a metallic pendulum bob swings between the poles of a strong magnet, significant drag acts on the bob as it enters and leaves the field, quickly damping the motion.
If, however, the bob is a slotted metal plate, the magnet produces a much smaller effect. When a slotted metal plate enters the field, an emf is induced by the change in flux; however, it is less effective because the slots limit the...
1.3K

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An anti-glitch in a magnetar.

R F Archibald1, V M Kaspi, C-Y Ng

  • 1Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada.

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Magnetars, highly magnetized neutron stars, usually spin up during glitches. Researchers observed a rare magnetar spin-down "anti-glitch," challenging current theories of neutron star behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Astronomy
  • Astrophysics
  • Stellar Physics

Background:

  • Magnetars are neutron stars with powerful magnetic fields, exhibiting X-ray and gamma-ray outbursts.
  • Neutron stars, including magnetars and radio pulsars, experience 'glitches'—sudden spin-up events attributed to angular momentum transfer between the crust and superfluid interior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phenomenon of magnetar glitches, specifically focusing on an unusual spin-down event.
  • To analyze the accompanying X-ray variations and spin-down rate changes associated with the observed anti-glitch.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted X-ray timing observations of the magnetar 1E 2259+586.
  • Analyzed the timing data to detect and characterize spin-down events and associated radiative changes.

Main Results:

  • Observed a distinct 'anti-glitch' event in magnetar 1E 2259+586, characterized by a sudden spin-down.
  • The anti-glitch event was accompanied by multiple X-ray radiative changes and a significant alteration in the magnetar's spin-down rate.

Conclusions:

  • The observed spin-down behavior challenges existing models of neutron star spin-down.
  • This event suggests differential rotation within the magnetar, necessitating a reevaluation of glitch theory for all neutron stars.