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Published on: August 9, 2019
Biophysics of glomerular filtration
Scott C Thomson1, Roland C Blantz
1University of California and VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA. sthomson@ucsd.edu
Comprehensive Physiology
|June 1, 2013
Summary
Glomerular filtration, a physical process, has been progressively understood over 150 years. Current research focuses on the protein sieving barrier, podocyte-induced fenestrae, and filtrate exit resistance.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Renal Physiology
- Biophysics
Background:
- William Bowman's 1842 anatomical depiction inspired Carl Ludwig's hypothesis of glomerular filtration as a physical process.
- Understanding glomerular filtration has evolved over 150 years through various scientific methodologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To chronicle the historical progression of knowledge regarding glomerular filtration.
- To highlight ongoing research areas in glomerular filtration.
Main Methods:
- Historical review of scientific contributions.
- Incorporation of clearance methods, renal micropuncture, nonequilibrium thermodynamics, electrical double layers, morphometry, and mathematics.
Main Results:
- Glomerular filtration is established as a physical process.
- Significant advancements have been made through interdisciplinary approaches.
- Current research addresses protein sieving, endothelial fenestrae, and filtrate flow resistance.
Conclusions:
- The understanding of glomerular filtration has advanced systematically.
- Key areas of ongoing investigation include the protein sieving barrier, podocyte-derived growth factors, and filtrate exit resistance.
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