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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
06:09

Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography

Published on: March 12, 2021

New dynamic three-dimensional MRI technique for shoulder kinematic analysis.

Jérôme Pierrart1, Marie-Martine Lefèvre-Colau, Wafa Skalli

  • 1Laboratory of Biomechanics, Arts et métiers ParisTech, France.; Orthopaedic Surgery and traumatology, European Hospital Georges Pompidou, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|June 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a dynamic MRI technique to analyze shoulder movement in 3D. The findings indicate no upward shift of the humeral head during early shoulder abduction.

Keywords:
3D kinematicreal time MRIshoulder kinematic

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Shoulder kinematics analysis is crucial for understanding shoulder function and pathology.
  • Current imaging techniques often lack the ability to capture dynamic, continuous shoulder motion in three dimensions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel dynamic MRI technique for real-time 3D volumetric acquisition of shoulder kinematics.
  • To analyze the 3D shoulder kinematics during continuous motion in healthy subjects.

Main Methods:

  • A dynamic MRI protocol using a multi-slice 3D balanced gradient echo sequence was employed.
  • Images were reconstructed and registered to calculate humeral head translation and subacromial space width.
  • Intraobserver reproducibility was assessed.

Main Results:

  • The study successfully captured dynamic shoulder abduction, with maximal average abduction of 43°.
  • The mean subacromial space width was 7.7 mm.
  • Low variability was observed in measurements of humeral head translation and glenohumeral abduction.

Conclusions:

  • A dynamic MRI protocol was established for monitoring shoulder 3D kinematics during continuous movement.
  • The results suggest that the humeral head does not exhibit a superior shift in the initial phase of abduction.