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Related Concept Videos

DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Transposons01:24

Transposons

Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...
CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2026

piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells
10:02

piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells

Published on: November 5, 2012

piggyBac transposase tools for genome engineering.

Xianghong Li1, Erin R Burnight, Ashley L Cooney

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|June 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Modified piggyBac transposase enables reversible transgenesis and targeted gene insertion. An excision-proficient, integration-defective (Exc(+)Int(-)) transposase facilitates precise genome engineering without permanent genomic alterations.

Keywords:
GULOPROSA26induced pluripotent stem cell productionprotein-DNA interaction

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Last Updated: May 10, 2026

piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells
10:02

piggyBac Transposon System Modification of Primary Human T Cells

Published on: November 5, 2012

Generation of Enterobacter sp. YSU Auxotrophs Using Transposon Mutagenesis
13:31

Generation of Enterobacter sp. YSU Auxotrophs Using Transposon Mutagenesis

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The Production of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Amniotic Fluid Cells Using a Transposon System
08:24

The Production of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Amniotic Fluid Cells Using a Transposon System

Published on: February 28, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • The piggyBac transposon system is increasingly utilized in genetic research.
  • Its precise excision capability allows for reversible genetic modifications, crucial for applications like induced pluripotent stem cell generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop modified piggyBac transposase variants for enhanced genome engineering.
  • To create an excision-proficient/integration-defective (Exc(+)Int(-)) transposase to prevent unwanted reintegration after excision.
  • To explore targeted transgene integration by fusing transposase to DNA-binding domains.

Main Methods:

  • Engineering of modified piggyBac transposase variants, including an Exc(+)Int(-) version.
  • Fusion of the transposase to engineered zinc finger proteins.
  • Assessment of transposase activity, excision, and integration capabilities.

Main Results:

  • Successful generation of an excision-proficient/integration-defective (Exc(+)Int(-)) piggyBac transposase.
  • Demonstration that fusion to zinc finger proteins can restore and redirect integration activity.
  • Insights into transposase-DNA interaction mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • The Exc(+)Int(-) transposase is a valuable tool for reversible transgenesis and precise genome engineering.
  • Targeted integration of transgenes via fused transposases holds significant potential for gene therapy and molecular genetics.
  • This work advances the understanding of transposase function and engineering for novel applications.