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Baboon syndrome induced by hydroxyzine.

Hayet Akkari1, Hichem Belhadjali, Monia Youssef

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia.

Indian Journal of Dermatology
|June 1, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hydroxyzine rarely causes drug eruptions. This case details the first instance of hydroxyzine-induced symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE), confirmed by diagnostic tests.

Keywords:
Baboon syndromedrug eruptionhydroxyzinepatch testsymmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthemasystemic contact dermatitis

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology
  • Allergy and Immunology

Background:

  • Drug eruptions are uncommon adverse reactions to medications.
  • Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE), also known as Baboon syndrome, is a rare form of cutaneous drug reaction.
  • Hydroxyzine is an antihistamine with a generally favorable safety profile.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of hydroxyzine-induced SDRIFE.
  • To confirm the diagnosis using specific diagnostic tests.
  • To contribute to the limited literature on hydroxyzine-induced cutaneous reactions.

Main Methods:

  • Case presentation of a 60-year-old male with a suspected hydroxyzine-induced eruption.
  • Diagnostic confirmation through patch testing with hydroxyzine.
  • Oral accidental provocation testing with hydroxyzine.
  • Negative patch and provocation tests with cetirizine and levocetirizine.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with a typical clinical presentation of SDRIFE.
  • Patch and oral provocation tests with hydroxyzine were positive, confirming the drug as the causative agent.
  • Tests with cetirizine and levocetirizine were negative, indicating specificity.
  • Literature review found only 17 prior cases of hydroxyzine-induced drug eruptions.

Conclusions:

  • Hydroxyzine can induce SDRIFE, a rare but distinct adverse drug reaction.
  • This is the first reported case of hydroxyzine-induced SDRIFE in the medical literature.
  • Diagnostic testing is crucial for confirming hydroxyzine as the cause of SDRIFE.