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Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Crystallography
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Lithium hexahydroxystannate dihydrate (Li2[Sn(OH)6]·2H2O) is known to exhibit polymorphism.
  • Understanding the structural variations in dimorphic compounds is crucial for materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the crystal structure of the newly identified beta-modification of Li2[Sn(OH)6]·2H2O.
  • To compare the structural parameters of the beta-modification with the previously known alpha-modification.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the crystal structure.
  • Analysis of bond lengths and coordination environments was performed.

Main Results:

  • The beta-modification crystallizes in the monoclinic system.
  • Both alpha and beta modifications share the same primary building units: [Sn(OH)6](2-) octahedra and [Li(μ2-OH)3(H2O)] tetrahedra.
  • Significant differences were observed in Li-O bond lengths, particularly those involving water molecules, while Sn-O bond lengths remained similar between the two modifications.
  • The primary building units in the beta-modification are arranged into layers parallel to the (010) plane, forming hexagonal nets of [Sn(OH)6](2-) octahedra with [Li(μ2-OH)3(H2O)] tetrahedra in between.
  • O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect these layers.

Conclusions:

  • The beta-modification represents a distinct structural arrangement of Li2[Sn(OH)6]·2H2O.
  • The observed differences in Li-O bonding highlight the sensitivity of lithium coordination to crystal packing and hydration.
  • The layered structure and hydrogen bonding network play a significant role in stabilizing the beta-phase.